术语词典Trucking Glossary

车辆过磅后由秤站或称重系统出具的记录，通常列示车辆识别信息、称重时间及各轴组或总重；由持证称重员（weighmaster）签发的可能是正式重量证书。它记录当次称重结果，不是装货许可、道路通行许可或超重豁免。A record issued after a vehicle is weighed, commonly showing vehicle identifiers, weighing time, and axle-group or gross weights; a licensed weighmaster may issue a formal weight certificate. It records that weighing event and is not permission to load, a road permit, or an overweight exemption.

装有用于控制车辆方向的车轮的轴。在常见公路牵引车磅单上，通常单独列为前转向轴重量。An axle whose wheels steer the vehicle. Typical highway tractor scale tickets list the front steering axle separately.

接收动力并驱动车辆的轴。磅单中的 drive axles 可能是一个轴组的合计，而不是每根轴各自重量。An axle receiving power to move the vehicle. A scale's drive-axle reading may total a group rather than each individual axle.

支撑挂车的车轴。常见磅单把挂车轴组列为独立读数，但具体轴数和结构会不同。The axles supporting the trailer. A common scale ticket lists their group weight separately, while axle counts and layouts vary.

车辆和货物通过某一车轴或一组车轴施加在路面的重量。总重合规不代表每个轴重都合规；轴距、轮胎额定载荷、州法、路线限制或许可条件都可能影响允许重量。The weight that a vehicle and its cargo place on the road through one axle or an axle group. A legal gross weight does not prove every axle is legal; axle spacing, tire ratings, state law, route restrictions, and permit conditions can all affect the allowed weight.

在指定称量条件下，不含所算货物的车辆或容器重量。燃油、司机和设备是否计入，要看这张记录的口径。The weight of a vehicle or container without the cargo being measured, under stated weighing conditions. Included fuel, people and equipment depend on the record.

车辆承载的货物重量；规格中的 payload capacity 则指额定载货能力。实际载货重和允许装多少不是同一问题。The weight of cargo carried; payload capacity in a specification means rated carrying capability. Actual cargo weight and allowable capacity are different questions.

牵引车、挂车及所载人员、燃油、设备和货物在该时刻的实际合计重量。区别于厂家给定的组合车额定总重。The actual combined weight of tractor, trailer, occupants, fuel, equipment and cargo at that time, unlike the manufacturer's combination rating.

制造商为车辆组合规定的总重额定值。它不是这次称出的重量，也不单独决定某条道路上可合法行驶的重量。The manufacturer's weight rating for a vehicle combination. It is neither a current scale reading nor the sole legal road-weight limit.

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating：厂家为单辆车规定的满载总重上限，包含车本身、人员、燃油和货物。它不是这次过磅的实际重量，也不是“还能装多少货”；道路限重、轴重和整车组合要求还要分别核对。Gross Vehicle Weight Rating: the manufacturer’s loaded-weight rating for a single vehicle, including the vehicle, people, fuel, and cargo. It is not the current scale weight or cargo capacity. Road, axle, and combination-weight limits must be checked separately.

货物及车辆重量分配到不同位置和轴组上的情况。总重相同，轴组读数也可能不同。How vehicle and cargo weight is distributed across positions and axle groups. Equal total weights can produce different axle readings.

可沿挂车车架改变位置的双轴组件，用于调整轴组位置与重量分布。移动也可能改变适用的长度或轴距条件。A trailer tandem assembly that can be repositioned along the frame to alter axle location and weight distribution. This may also affect length or spacing compliance.

在首次称重后再次称量车辆，例如调整装载后确认新的重量分布。商业磅站的收费和复磅条件各有规定。A further weighing after an initial weighing, for example to check distribution after a loading adjustment. Commercial scale terms and charges vary.