术语词典Trucking Glossary

FMCSA 用来识别运营主体并关联安全记录的编号。是否需要申请，要按车辆和运营情况核对联邦及适用州的要求；有 USDOT 号本身不证明具备某项业务的经营资质。An FMCSA identifier used to associate an entity with safety records. Whether one is required depends on the vehicle and operation under federal and applicable state rules. A USDOT number alone does not establish operating authority for a particular service.

MC 号是常见于 FMCSA 经营资质档案的编号。是否需要经营资质、需要哪种类型，取决于业务角色与运输内容。核对时还要看法定实体、资质类型及当前状态，不能只看有没有一串号码。An MC number is a familiar identifier in FMCSA operating-authority records. The need for authority and its type depend on the business role and operation. Check the legal entity, authority type, and current status rather than relying on the presence of a number.

美国联邦运输部下属机构，主管商用卡车与客车的安全监管，制定 FMCSR（49 CFR Part 350–399）。The federal agency under DOT that regulates commercial truck/bus safety and writes the FMCSR (49 CFR Part 350–399).

安排适用货物运输的经纪在 FMCSA 登记的经营资质，与实际运货的承运人资质不同。相关资金担保和法律文书代理等要求也需按现行规则核对。FMCSA operating-authority registration for arranging covered transportation as a broker. It is distinct from motor-carrier authority; applicable financial-security and process-agent requirements also need to be met.

首次与某个经纪或客户合作时，用来登记车队资料、核对资质、保险和付款安排的一组文件或在线表格。各家要求不同；完成入驻不等于拿到政府经营资质，也不保证一定有货。A set of documents or online forms used when onboarding with a broker or customer to check carrier information, authority, insurance, and payment arrangements. Requirements vary; completing setup neither grants government authority nor guarantees loads.

实际承担货物运输的个人或企业。需要哪些注册和经营资质，取决于车辆、货物与业务类型；并不是所有承运人都适用同一种 MC 经营资质要求。An individual or business that actually transports freight. Registration and authority requirements depend on the vehicle, cargo, and operation; not every carrier needs the same operating authority.

替发货方联系承运人、安排运输并收取报酬的个人或公司。作为经纪，主要负责安排，实际运货由承运人完成。适用的联邦经纪业务需登记资质，并维持 $75,000 的担保，可用 BMC-84 保证担保或 BMC-85 信托。A person or company paid to arrange transportation between a shipper and carrier. In its broker role, it arranges the shipment; the carrier transports it. Covered federal brokerage operations require registration and $75,000 in financial security through a BMC-84 surety bond or BMC-85 trust.

California Highway Patrol（CHP）向在加州公路上商业运营机动车的 motor carrier 签发的承运人识别号。它识别运营主体，不是某一辆车的注册号，也不等同于经营许可。A carrier identification number issued by the California Highway Patrol (CHP) to a motor carrier operating motor vehicles commercially on California highways. It identifies the operating entity; it is not a particular vehicle’s registration number or operating authority.

加州主管空气污染与车辆排放的州级机构，对卡车排放/电动化政策影响巨大（如 Clean Truck Check、ACF）。California's state agency for air quality and vehicle emissions. Major impact on truck rules including Clean Truck Check and ACF.