11 / ELD EDITS, MALFUNCTIONS AND UNIDENTIFIED DRIVING
ELD 修改、故障与未归属驾驶ELD edits, malfunctions and unidentified driving
日志可以更正，但修改不能抹去原始记录。先处理真实驾驶归属，再区分设备故障和一般数据诊断。Logs can be corrected without erasing the original record. Resolve actual driving attribution, then distinguish an ELD malfunction from a data diagnostic event.
日志可以更正，但修改不能抹去原始记录。先处理真实驾驶归属，再区分设备故障和一般数据诊断。Logs can be corrected without erasing the original record. Resolve actual driving attribution, then distinguish an ELD malfunction from a data diagnostic event.
适用于受联邦 ELD 规则覆盖的驾驶员和承运人。本文不扩大 personal conveyance 或 yard move 的适用范围，也不允许把真实道路驾驶改成非驾驶状态来腾出工时。For drivers and carriers subject to federal ELD rules. This topic does not expand personal-conveyance or yard-move allowances or authorize relabeling actual road driving to create hours.
先弄清这几条要求Start with these requirements
改日志要留说明，并由司机确认Annotate edits and obtain the driver’s confirmation
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 司机须检查、必要时更正并认证记录。提交后修改通常需要重新认证；承运人提出的修改由司机确认或拒绝。原始数据不能删掉，承运人不能强迫司机接受虚假修改。Drivers must review, correct when necessary and certify records. Post-submission changes require recertification; the driver confirms or rejects carrier-proposed edits. Preserve original data, and do not coerce acceptance of inaccurate edits.
(b) (b) Review of records and certification by driver. (1) A driver must review the driver's ELD records, edit and correct inaccurate records, enter any missing information, and certify the accuracy of the information.
(b)(2) (2) Using the certification function of the ELD, the driver must certify the driver's records by affirmatively selecting “Agree” immediately following a statement that reads, “I hereby certify that my data entries and my record of duty status for this 24-hour period are true and correct.” The driver must certify the record immediately after the final required entry has been made or corrected for the 24-hour period.
(b)(4) (4) If any edits are necessary after the driver submits the records to the motor carrier, the driver must recertify the record after the edits are made.
(2) The driver or support personnel must annotate each change or addition to a record.
(d) Motor carrier-proposed edits. (1) On review of a driver's submitted records, the motor carrier may request edits to a driver's records of duty status to ensure accuracy. A driver must confirm or reject any proposed change, implement the appropriate edits on the driver's record of duty status, and recertify and resubmit the records in order for any motor carrier-proposed changes to take effect.
(2) A motor carrier may not request edits to the driver's electronic records before the records have been submitted by the driver.
(e) (e) Coercion prohibited. A motor carrier may not coerce a driver to make a false certification of the driver's data entries or record of duty status.
(f) (f) Motor carrier data retention requirements. A motor carrier must not alter or erase, or permit or require alteration or erasure of, the original information collected concerning the driver's hours of service, the source data streams used to provide that information, or information contained in any ELD that uses the original information and HOS source data.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
未归属驾驶按事实认领，不随便分给别人Claim unidentified driving according to the facts
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 司机登录时应检查未归属驾驶：自己开的就加入记录，不是自己开的就注明不属于自己。承运人也须检查，分配给正确司机或说明未分配原因，并保留所需记录六个月。On login, drivers review unidentified driving, add their own driving to their record, and indicate when it is not theirs. The carrier must also review, assign it to the proper driver or explain why it remains unassigned, and retain the required records for six months.
(a) (a) Tracking non-authenticated operation. The ELD must associate the non-authenticated operation of a commercial motor vehicle with a single account labeled “Unidentified Driver” as soon as the vehicle is in motion, if no driver has logged into the ELD.
(b) (b) Driver. When a driver logs into an ELD, the driver must review any unassigned driving time when prompted by the ELD and must:
(b)(1) (1) Assume any records that belong to the driver under the driver's account; or
(b)(2) (2) Indicate that the records are not attributable to the driver.
(c) Motor carrier. (1) A motor carrier must ensure that records of unidentified driving are reviewed and must:
(i) Annotate the record, explaining why the time is unassigned; or
(ii) Assign the record to the appropriate driver to correctly reflect the driver's hours of service.
(2) A motor carrier must retain unidentified driving records for each ELD for a minimum of 6 months from the date of receipt.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
真正故障时及时通知并补齐可出示的记录For a malfunction, notify promptly and reconstruct accessible records
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 司机发现 ELD 故障后，应在 24 小时内书面通知承运人；除已有或可取回的记录外，重建当日及此前七日的记录，并按要求继续纸质记录直至恢复。承运人通常须在发现或收到通知两者较早起八日内修复、替换或维护设备。申请延长期限另有五日内提出的条件。Within 24 hours of discovering an ELD malfunction, the driver must notify the carrier in writing, reconstruct the current day and preceding seven days except records already available or retrievable, and continue the required paper records until compliance resumes. The carrier generally has eight days from discovery or notification, whichever is earlier, to repair, replace or service it; an extension request has a separate five-day filing requirement.
- 条件与例外Conditions and exceptions
- 一般数据诊断事件按承运人及 ELD 提供商的处置建议处理，不要把所有提示都当成允许长期使用纸质日志的故障。Handle data diagnostic events according to carrier and ELD-provider recommendations; not every alert permits prolonged paper logging.
(a)(1) (1) Note the malfunction of the ELD and provide written notice of the malfunction to the motor carrier within 24 hours;
(a)(2) (2) Reconstruct the record of duty status for the current 24-hour period and the previous 7 consecutive days, and record the records of duty status on graph-grid paper logs that comply with § 395.8, unless the driver already possesses the records or the records are retrievable from the ELD; and
(a)(3) (3) Continue to manually prepare a record of duty status in accordance with § 395.8 until the ELD is serviced and brought back into compliance with this subpart.
(c) (c) Driver requirements during ELD data diagnostic events. If an ELD indicates that there is a data inconsistency that generates a data diagnostic event, the driver must follow the motor carrier's and ELD provider's recommendations in resolving the data inconsistency.
(d) (d) Motor carrier requirements for repair, replacement, or service. (1) If a motor carrier receives or discovers information concerning the malfunction of an ELD, the motor carrier must take actions to correct the malfunction of the ELD within 8 days of discovery of the condition or a driver's notification to the motor carrier, whichever occurs first.
(d)(2) (2) A motor carrier seeking to extend the period of time permitted for repair, replacement, or service of one or more ELDs shall notify the FMCSA Division Administrator for the State of the motor carrier's principal place of business within 5 days after a driver notifies the motor carrier under paragraph (a)(1) of this section. Each request for an extension under this section must be signed by the motor carrier and must contain:
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
教学例子WORKED EXAMPLE
换车后看到一段陌生驾驶Unfamiliar driving appears after changing trucks
教学场景：司机接车登录后，ELD 要求确认上一班留下的未归属驾驶。Illustrative scenario: a driver logs in to an assigned truck and sees unidentified driving left from the previous shift.
核对事实并认领正确部分Check the facts and claim only your driving
结合交接时间、车号和实际驾驶核对；不是自己开的，不为消除提示而接受。Check handover times, vehicle and actual driving; do not accept another person’s driving merely to clear an alert.
请承运人完成追查Have the carrier investigate
将不属于自己的记录交承运人核对，保留解释和修改痕迹，再认证准确日志。Refer the unmatched record to the carrier, preserve explanations and edit history, and certify accurate logs.
解决提示的目标是让日志符合事实，而不是让界面没有红字。The goal is an accurate record, not simply an alert-free screen.
实际工作中，最容易弄错的地方Common mistakes in day-to-day work
“调度改好了，我就不用看”“Dispatch fixed it, so I need not review it”
司机仍要确认或拒绝所提修改，并对最终记录重新认证；修改不等于自动合法。The driver still confirms or rejects proposed edits and recertifies the final record; an edit is not automatically lawful.
完整原文与来源Full text and sources
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
电子日志的提交、修改、备注与保存§ 395.30 ELD record submissions, edits, annotations, and data retention.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
未识别司机的驾驶记录§ 395.32 Non-authenticated driver logs.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
电子日志（ELD）故障与数据诊断§ 395.34 ELD malfunctions and data diagnostic events.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.