16 / CALIFORNIA SPEED, LANES AND TIRE CHAINS
加州限速、车道与雪链California speed, lanes and tire chains
在加州开重卡，先看适用限速和指定车道，再按天气与道路管制调整。雪链和手机操作不能照搬小客车的经验。In California, check the applicable truck speed limit and lane designation, then adjust for conditions and controls. Do not assume passenger-car chain or phone practices apply to a heavy truck.
在加州开重卡，先看适用限速和指定车道，再按天气与道路管制调整。雪链和手机操作不能照搬小客车的经验。In California, check the applicable truck speed limit and lane designation, then adjust for conditions and controls. Do not assume passenger-car chain or phone practices apply to a heavy truck.
面向加州公路上的货车／牵引车，具体规则按车辆轴数、是否拖挂和道路标志确定。联邦安全驾驶规则及临时封路、现场指挥仍需同时遵守。For trucks and truck tractors on California highways, with applicability determined by axle count, towing and signs. Federal safety rules, temporary closures and traffic-control directions also apply.
先弄清这几条要求Start with these requirements
三轴及以上货车，或拖挂货车，最高一般为 55 mphThree-or-more-axle or towing trucks generally have a 55 mph maximum
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 本条规定三轴及以上货车／牵引车，以及拖带其他车辆的货车／牵引车，不得超过 55 mph。不能把旁边小客车使用的更高限速作为自己的允许速度。This section prohibits trucks or truck tractors with three or more axles, and trucks or truck tractors towing another vehicle, from exceeding 55 mph. A higher speed limit used by passenger traffic does not authorize the truck to use it.
No person may drive any of the following vehicles on a highway at a speed in excess of 55 miles per hour:
(a) (a) A motortruck or truck tractor having three or more axles or any motortruck or truck tractor drawing any other vehicle.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
低于限速也可能仍然不安全A speed below the posted limit can still be unsafe
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 天气、能见度、车流和道路状况要求更低速度时，必须降到合理安全的速度。55 mph 是适用车辆的上限之一，不是雨雪天气应维持的目标。Reduce speed when weather, visibility, traffic or the roadway requires it. For applicable vehicles, 55 mph is a ceiling, not a target to maintain in rain or snow.
No person shall drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable or prudent having due regard for weather, visibility, the traffic on, and the surface and width of, the highway, and in no event at a speed which endangers the safety of persons or property.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
先按卡车车道标志行驶Follow designated truck lanes first
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 对受 §22406 约束的车辆等本条规定对象，有指定车道标志时按指定车道行驶；没有指定时一般靠右。单向四条及以上明确车道的分隔公路，在没有其他禁止规定时可使用紧邻最右侧的第二条车道。超车、转弯、驶入驶出及必须维持路线的情形按条文具体条件处理。For vehicles subject to §22406 and the other categories specified in this section, use posted designated lanes. Otherwise generally keep right. On a divided highway with four or more marked lanes in one direction, the lane immediately left of the rightmost lane may also be used unless otherwise prohibited. Passing, turns, entering/exiting and necessary route continuation are governed by the specific provisions.
(a) (a) Whenever the Department of Transportation or local authorities with respect to highways under their respective jurisdictions determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation that the designation of a specific lane or lanes for the travel of vehicles required to travel at reduced speeds would facilitate the safe and orderly movement of traffic, the department or local authority may designate a specific lane or lanes for the travel of vehicles which are subject to the provisions of Section 22406 and shall erect signs at reasonable intervals giving notice thereof.
(b) (b) Any trailer bus, except as provided in Section 21655.5, and any vehicle subject to the provisions of Section 22406 shall be driven in the lane or lanes designated pursuant to subdivision (a) whenever signs have been erected giving notice of that designation. Except as otherwise provided in this subdivision, when a specific lane or lanes have not been so designated, any of those vehicles shall be driven in the right-hand lane for traffic or as close as practicable to the right edge or curb. If, however, a specific lane or lanes have not been designated on a divided highway having four or more clearly marked lanes for traffic in one direction, any of those vehicles may also be driven in the lane to the immediate left of that right-hand lane, unless otherwise prohibited under this code. When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction, the driver shall use either the designated lane, the lane to the immediate left of the right-hand lane, or the right-hand lane for traffic as permitted under this code.
This subdivision does not apply to a driver who is preparing for a left- or right-hand turn or who is entering into or exiting from a highway or to a driver who must necessarily drive in a lane other than the right-hand lane to continue on his or her intended route.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
遇防滑装置管制，按适用要求安装再进入Meet traction-device controls before proceeding
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 道路标志要求使用轮胎防滑装置时，不能未装备就进入相应路段。条文对较轻车辆的雪地胎安排不能直接套到 Class 8 重卡；实际装置、装配轮位和当时管制应以适用官方要求为准。Do not enter a highway segment requiring tire traction devices without the required equipment. The lighter-vehicle snow-tire provisions do not directly apply to Class 8 trucks; follow the applicable official equipment, wheel-position and current control requirements.
No person shall operate any motor vehicle, trailer or semitrailer upon any portion of a highway without tire traction devices when that portion of the highway is signed for the requirement of tire traction devices. In any case where a passenger vehicle or motortruck having an unladen weight of 6,000 pounds or less may be required by the Department of Transportation or local authorities to be equipped with tire traction devices, the devices shall be placed on at least two drive wheels, or the department or local authorities may provide, in the alternative, that the vehicle may be equipped with snow-tread tires on at least two drive wheels when the weather and surface conditions at the time are such that the stopping, tractive, and cornering abilities of the snow-tread tires are adequate. The snow-tread tires shall be of a type and design manufactured for use on snow as a replacement for tire chains or tire traction devices, shall be in good condition, and shall bear the marking of M-S, M/S, or other marking indicating that the tire was manufactured for use on snow, or, in the case of tires purchased before January 1, 1987, shall either bear the markings or, in the opinion of the inspecting officer, comply with the tread pattern requirements of Section 558.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
不要手持操作手机；固定支架也不是任意操作许可Do not operate a handheld phone; a mount is not unlimited permission
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 驾驶时不得手持操作无线电话或电子无线通信设备；使用语音和免持功能须符合条文。允许的手部操作有正确固定位置和单次滑动／点击条件；不要在行车中连续打字或浏览。商业驾驶还需同时核对联邦手机和发短信规则。Do not hold and operate a wireless phone or electronic wireless communications device while driving. Voice/hands-free use must meet the rule. Permitted manual activation has mounting and single-swipe/tap conditions; do not type or browse while moving. Commercial drivers must also check federal phone and texting rules.
(a) (a) A person shall not drive a motor vehicle while holding and operating a handheld wireless telephone or an electronic wireless communications device unless the wireless telephone or electronic wireless communications device is specifically designed and configured to allow voice-operated and hands-free operation, and it is used in that manner while driving.
(c) (c) A handheld wireless telephone or electronic wireless communications device may be operated in a manner requiring the use of the driver’s hand while the driver is operating the vehicle only if both of the following conditions are satisfied:
(c)(1) (1) The handheld wireless telephone or electronic wireless communications device is mounted on a vehicle’s windshield in the same manner a portable Global Positioning System (GPS) is mounted pursuant to paragraph (12) of subdivision (b) of Section 26708 or is mounted on or affixed to a vehicle’s dashboard or center console in a manner that does not hinder the driver’s view of the road.
(c)(2) (2) The driver’s hand is used to activate or deactivate a feature or function of the handheld wireless telephone or wireless communications device with the motion of a single swipe or tap of the driver’s finger.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
教学例子WORKED EXAMPLE
高速车流比卡车限速快Passenger traffic is faster than the truck limit
教学场景：三轴牵引车拖挂行驶，附近车辆都更快，前方又开始下雨。Illustrative scenario: a three-axle tractor towing a trailer is surrounded by faster traffic as rain begins.
先守自己的适用规则Apply the truck’s rules
核对 55 mph 限制和卡车指定车道，不随小客车提速或随意换到左侧。Apply the 55 mph restriction and designated truck lanes rather than matching passenger speed or moving arbitrarily left.
再按实际条件降低速度Further reduce for conditions
根据视线、积水与交通状况进一步降速，并保持安全车距。Reduce further for visibility, water and traffic, maintaining safe following distance.
车辆限制、道路标志和当时条件要一起判断。Apply vehicle restrictions, road signs and actual conditions together.
实际工作中，最容易弄错的地方Common mistakes in day-to-day work
“装了雪地胎，重卡就不用链条”“Snow tires exempt a heavy truck from chains”
轻型车辆的有限例外不是重型组合车辆的通行证；出发前查当时官方管制和车型对应安装要求。Limited light-vehicle exceptions are not permission for a heavy combination; check current official controls and equipment-specific requirements before departure.
完整原文与来源Full text and sources
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
California Vehicle Code § 22406California Vehicle Code § 22406
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California Vehicle Code § 22350California Vehicle Code § 22350
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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California Vehicle Code § 21655California Vehicle Code § 21655
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California Vehicle Code § 27459California Vehicle Code § 27459
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California Vehicle Code § 23123.5California Vehicle Code § 23123.5
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依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.