法规速查Regulation Navigator
先看懂要求，再查清依据。Understand the rule. Find its source.
部分资料含历史版本或来源限制。收录日期不代表现行性已复核；请先核对每项官方来源、版本和适用范围。Some records contain historical versions or source limitations. Capture dates do not establish a review of current requirements; check each official source, edition and scope before use.
法规索引Regulation index
按中文名称了解每条管什么，再展开查看解读与官方原文。Browse by subject, then expand an entry for available explanations and official text.
清洁卡车检测：适用哪些车辆13 CCR § 2195 — Applicability13 CCR § 2195 — Applicability清洁卡车检测：适用哪些车辆
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：适用哪些车辆13 CCR § 2195 — Applicability
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：术语定义13 CCR § 2195.1 — Definitions13 CCR § 2195.1 — Definitions清洁卡车检测：术语定义
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：术语定义13 CCR § 2195.1 — Definitions
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：车主与运营者责任13 CCR § 2196 — Owner and Operator Requirements13 CCR § 2196 — Owner and Operator Requirements清洁卡车检测：车主与运营者责任
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：车主与运营者责任13 CCR § 2196 — Owner and Operator Requirements
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：合规登记13 CCR § 2196.1 — HD I/M Compliance and Registration13 CCR § 2196.1 — HD I/M Compliance and Registration清洁卡车检测：合规登记
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：合规登记13 CCR § 2196.1 — HD I/M Compliance and Registration
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：定期尾气检测13 CCR § 2196.2 — Periodic Vehicle Emission Testing Requirements查看定期排放检测的要求；当前实施安排也可对照 CARB 官方检测说明。Emissions & testing13 CCR § 2196.2 — Periodic Vehicle Emission Testing Requirements清洁卡车检测：定期尾气检测
下面的检测内容针对 Clean Truck Check 适用车辆；怠速规定另有适用范围，不能混用。CTC 涉及在加州运营的非汽油重型车辆及具体豁免；§2485 涉及在加州运营、GVWR 超过 10,000 磅的道路柴油商用车辆及相关设备。The testing guidance concerns vehicles subject to Clean Truck Check; idling has a separate scope. CTC concerns covered non-gasoline heavy-duty vehicles operating in California, with specific exemptions. Section 2485 covers on-road diesel commercial vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR operating in California and related equipment.
有 OBD 和没有 OBD，走的检测方式不同OBD and non-OBD vehicles use different testing paths
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 先看发动机和车辆是否按项目规则属于 OBD 车辆，再由合格检测人员选择对应方法。法规把 OBD 车辆引向 §2196.3，把非 OBD 车辆引向 §2196.4；不是所有车都只做一次烟度检测。安排检测时说明发动机年份与类型，并在 CTC-VIS 核对结果是否已提交、是否通过。检测过，不等于结果合格。Identify whether the vehicle/engine falls in the OBD testing category and have a credentialed tester use the applicable method. The regulation directs OBD vehicles to §2196.3 and non-OBD vehicles to §2196.4. A smoke test alone is not the method for every vehicle. Provide the engine year and type, then check CTC-VIS for submission and a passing result. Being tested does not necessarily mean passing.
(b) The owner shall ensure the vehicle is tested via one of the following test
procedures:
(b)(1) OBD-equipped vehicles shall satisfy the periodic testing
requirements through the completion of a passing compliance test
as specified in section 2196.3.
(b)(2) Non-OBD-equipped vehicles shall satisfy the periodic testing
requirements through the completion of a passing compliance test
as specified in section 2196.4.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：定期尾气检测13 CCR § 2196.2 — Periodic Vehicle Emission Testing Requirements
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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CTC 原文来源为 CARB 法规原件；怠速全文使用官方 CCR，包含旧 PDF 未收录的前置适用说明。各条版本详见展开区；CTC 检测日期仍需核对 CTC-VIS 和最新 CARB 通告。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。CTC text is sourced from CARB’s original regulation. Idling text uses the official CCR, including prefatory provisions absent from the old PDF. See each reader for its version; check CTC dates in CTC-VIS and current CARB notices. Chinese text is a CTAC plain-language explanation, not an official translation.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
清洁卡车检测：配有 OBD 的车辆怎么测13 CCR § 2196.3 — Vehicle Compliance Test Methods for OBD-Equipped Vehicles13 CCR § 2196.3 — Vehicle Compliance Test Methods for OBD-Equipped Vehicles清洁卡车检测：配有 OBD 的车辆怎么测
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：配有 OBD 的车辆怎么测13 CCR § 2196.3 — Vehicle Compliance Test Methods for OBD-Equipped Vehicles
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：没有 OBD 的车辆怎么测13 CCR § 2196.4 — Vehicle Compliance Test Method for Non-OBD-Equipped Vehicles13 CCR § 2196.4 — Vehicle Compliance Test Method for Non-OBD-Equipped Vehicles清洁卡车检测：没有 OBD 的车辆怎么测
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：没有 OBD 的车辆怎么测13 CCR § 2196.4 — Vehicle Compliance Test Method for Non-OBD-Equipped Vehicles
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：路边排放监测13 CCR § 2196.5 — Roadside Emissions Monitoring Devices13 CCR § 2196.5 — Roadside Emissions Monitoring Devices清洁卡车检测：路边排放监测
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：路边排放监测13 CCR § 2196.5 — Roadside Emissions Monitoring Devices
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：排烟浓度标准13 CCR § 2196.6 — Smoke Opacity Standards13 CCR § 2196.6 — Smoke Opacity Standards清洁卡车检测：排烟浓度标准
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：排烟浓度标准13 CCR § 2196.6 — Smoke Opacity Standards
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清洁卡车检测：复核检测服务13 CCR § 2196.7 — Referee Services13 CCR § 2196.7 — Referee Services清洁卡车检测：复核检测服务
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：复核检测服务13 CCR § 2196.7 — Referee Services
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清洁卡车检测：缺少维修配件时的延期13 CCR § 2196.8 — Parts Unavailability Compliance Time Extension13 CCR § 2196.8 — Parts Unavailability Compliance Time Extension清洁卡车检测：缺少维修配件时的延期
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：缺少维修配件时的延期13 CCR § 2196.8 — Parts Unavailability Compliance Time Extension
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：货运承包方、中介与场站责任13 CCR § 2197 — Freight Contractor, Broker, and Applicable Freight Facility Requirements13 CCR § 2197 — Freight Contractor, Broker, and Applicable Freight Facility Requirements清洁卡车检测：货运承包方、中介与场站责任
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：货运承包方、中介与场站责任13 CCR § 2197 — Freight Contractor, Broker, and Applicable Freight Facility Requirements
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：检测人员要求13 CCR § 2197.1 — HD I/M Tester Requirements13 CCR § 2197.1 — HD I/M Tester Requirements清洁卡车检测：检测人员要求
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：检测人员要求13 CCR § 2197.1 — HD I/M Tester Requirements
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：信息申报13 CCR § 2197.2 — Reporting Requirements13 CCR § 2197.2 — Reporting Requirements清洁卡车检测：信息申报
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：信息申报13 CCR § 2197.2 — Reporting Requirements
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清洁卡车检测：记录保存13 CCR § 2197.3 — Recordkeeping Requirements13 CCR § 2197.3 — Recordkeeping Requirements清洁卡车检测：记录保存
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：记录保存13 CCR § 2197.3 — Recordkeeping Requirements
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清洁卡车检测：排放控制设备检查13 CCR § 2198 — Vehicle Emissions Control Equipment Inspections13 CCR § 2198 — Vehicle Emissions Control Equipment Inspections清洁卡车检测：排放控制设备检查
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：排放控制设备检查13 CCR § 2198 — Vehicle Emissions Control Equipment Inspections
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：现场检查中的司机与检查员责任13 CCR § 2198.1 — In-person Field Inspection Requirements for Drivers and Inspectors13 CCR § 2198.1 — In-person Field Inspection Requirements for Drivers and Inspectors清洁卡车检测：现场检查中的司机与检查员责任
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：现场检查中的司机与检查员责任13 CCR § 2198.1 — In-person Field Inspection Requirements for Drivers and Inspectors
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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清洁卡车检测：执法规定13 CCR § 2198.2 — Enforcement13 CCR § 2198.2 — Enforcement清洁卡车检测：执法规定
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：执法规定13 CCR § 2198.2 — Enforcement
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清洁卡车检测：部分条款无效时其他条款的效力13 CCR § 2199 — Severability of Provisions13 CCR § 2199 — Severability of Provisions清洁卡车检测：部分条款无效时其他条款的效力
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：部分条款无效时其他条款的效力13 CCR § 2199 — Severability of Provisions
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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旧重型车检查与定期烟度检测制度的终止13 CCR § 2199.1 — Sunset of the Requirements of the Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection Program and the Periodic Smoke Inspection Program13 CCR § 2199.1 — Sunset of the Requirements of the Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection Program and the Periodic Smoke Inspection Program旧重型车检查与定期烟度检测制度的终止
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
旧重型车检查与定期烟度检测制度的终止13 CCR § 2199.1 — Sunset of the Requirements of the Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection Program and the Periodic Smoke Inspection Program
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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柴油商用车怠速限制13 CCR § 2485 Airborne Toxic Control Measure to Limit Diesel-Fueled Commercial Motor Vehicle Idling.13 CCR § 2485 Airborne Toxic Control Measure to Limit Diesel-Fueled Commercial Motor Vehicle Idling.柴油商用车怠速限制
下面的检测内容针对 Clean Truck Check 适用车辆；怠速规定另有适用范围，不能混用。CTC 涉及在加州运营的非汽油重型车辆及具体豁免；§2485 涉及在加州运营、GVWR 超过 10,000 磅的道路柴油商用车辆及相关设备。The testing guidance concerns vehicles subject to Clean Truck Check; idling has a separate scope. CTC concerns covered non-gasoline heavy-duty vehicles operating in California, with specific exemptions. Section 2485 covers on-road diesel commercial vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR operating in California and related equipment.
一般是连续 5 分钟，但要连适用范围和例外一起看Read the five-minute rule together with its scope and exceptions
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 对受 §2485 约束的车辆，一般不得连续怠速超过 5 分钟。不是“停在私人场地就不算”，也不能只因贴着 Clean Idle 标签就认定处处能长时间怠速。堵车、特定作业等是否适用例外，要看 §2485(d) 的实际条件；靠近住宅、学校等限制区域时还有额外约束。拿不准时先确认停车地点和怠速原因。For vehicles covered by §2485, the general limit is five consecutive minutes. Private property is not automatically exempt, and a Clean Idle label is not blanket permission to idle anywhere. Traffic and certain work activities may fall under §2485(d), but the actual conditions matter. Locations near homes, schools and other restricted areas have additional constraints. Identify the location and reason for idling before relying on an exception.
(c)(1)(B) · 引导句 / lead-in Except as provided in subsection (d) below, on or after January 1, 2015, any person that owns, operates, or causes to operate any diesel-fueled commercial motor vehicle subject to the requirements of this section shall comply with the following requirements:
1. No vehicle subject to this section shall idle for more than 5 consecutive minutes at any location.
完整原文包含本条前置适用说明及 §2485(d) 的例外；另有 §2485.0.1 替代条文，需按前置说明核对，不能只读这段五分钟限制。Read the prefatory currentness text and exceptions in §2485(d) below. The prefatory text also addresses alternative §2485.0.1; do not rely on this five-minute excerpt alone.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
柴油商用车怠速限制13 CCR § 2485 Airborne Toxic Control Measure to Limit Diesel-Fueled Commercial Motor Vehicle Idling.
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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CTC 原文来源为 CARB 法规原件；怠速全文使用官方 CCR，包含旧 PDF 未收录的前置适用说明。各条版本详见展开区；CTC 检测日期仍需核对 CTC-VIS 和最新 CARB 通告。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。CTC text is sourced from CARB’s original regulation. Idling text uses the official CCR, including prefatory provisions absent from the old PDF. See each reader for its version; check CTC dates in CTC-VIS and current CARB notices. Chinese text is a CTAC plain-language explanation, not an official translation.
清洁卡车检测：官方检测要求说明Clean Truck Check - Emissions Compliance Testing RequirementsCARB 对 Clean Truck Check 检测要求的官方说明。Emissions & testingClean Truck Check - Emissions Compliance Testing Requirements清洁卡车检测：官方检测要求说明
下面的检测内容针对 Clean Truck Check 适用车辆；怠速规定另有适用范围，不能混用。CTC 涉及在加州运营的非汽油重型车辆及具体豁免；§2485 涉及在加州运营、GVWR 超过 10,000 磅的道路柴油商用车辆及相关设备。The testing guidance concerns vehicles subject to Clean Truck Check; idling has a separate scope. CTC concerns covered non-gasoline heavy-duty vehicles operating in California, with specific exemptions. Section 2485 covers on-road diesel commercial vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR operating in California and related equipment.
看每辆车的 CTC-VIS 到期日，不凭上次检测日猜Use each vehicle’s CTC-VIS deadline
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 先在 CTC-VIS 查看这辆车的到期日。多数适用车辆目前每年检测两次；符合条件的农业车辆和加州登记的非商业房车通常每年一次。合格结果一般最多可提前 90 天提交，应留出维修、复测时间。年费和检测是两件事：交了钱不能代替检测；检测人员提交后，还要核对结果是否通过、整车是否合规。Check this vehicle’s deadline in CTC-VIS. Most covered vehicles currently test twice a year; qualifying agricultural vehicles and California-registered noncommercial motorhomes generally test annually. Passing results can generally be submitted up to 90 days early, leaving time for repairs and retesting. The annual fee and testing are separate: payment does not replace testing. After submission, check both a passing result and overall vehicle compliance.
Please always refer to your CTC-VIS account for your due dates.
这是 CARB 项目实施说明，页面没有独立法规条号。This is CARB implementation guidance; this statement has no separate regulation subsection.
官方说明 · 英文OFFICIAL GUIDANCE · ENGLISH
清洁卡车检测：官方检测要求说明Clean Truck Check - Emissions Compliance Testing Requirements
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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CTC 原文来源为 CARB 法规原件；怠速全文使用官方 CCR，包含旧 PDF 未收录的前置适用说明。各条版本详见展开区；CTC 检测日期仍需核对 CTC-VIS 和最新 CARB 通告。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。CTC text is sourced from CARB’s original regulation. Idling text uses the official CCR, including prefatory provisions absent from the old PDF. See each reader for its version; check CTC dates in CTC-VIS and current CARB notices. Chinese text is a CTAC plain-language explanation, not an official translation.
加州商用车辆安全监管的适用车辆California Vehicle Code § 34500California Vehicle Code § 34500加州商用车辆安全监管的适用车辆
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
加州商用车辆安全监管的适用车辆California Vehicle Code § 34500
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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加州农业车辆的认定条件California Vehicle Code § 34500.6California Vehicle Code § 34500.6加州农业车辆的认定条件
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
加州农业车辆的认定条件California Vehicle Code § 34500.6
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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加州车队场站检查（BIT）California Vehicle Code § 34501.12涉及场站申报、车辆与记录受检及相关要求。Vehicle & road safetyCalifornia Vehicle Code § 34501.12加州车队场站检查（BIT）
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
加州车队场站检查（BIT）California Vehicle Code § 34501.12
官方来源包含多个版本，施行时间不同；本页全部保留，请结合各版本的修订及施行说明阅读。采集时间不代表生效日期。The official source lists parallel active versions with different operative periods. All are retained; read each version with its statutory history. Capture time is not an effective date.
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加州车辆定期检查与维修记录California Vehicle Code § 34505.5查看适用车辆的定期检查、维修和记录要求。Vehicle & road safetyCalifornia Vehicle Code § 34505.5加州车辆定期检查与维修记录
以下以联邦 49 CFR Part 396 的常用要求和 California Vehicle Code §34505.5 为入口。车辆类型、州际或州内运营、单车承运人、非营业客运、driveaway-towaway、联运设备及州级等效检查可能改变报告或检查要求，应先确认适用范围。These entry points cover common requirements in 49 CFR Part 396 and California Vehicle Code § 34505.5. Vehicle type, interstate or intrastate operation, one-CMV carriers, private nonbusiness passenger carriage, driveaway-towaway operations, intermodal equipment, and State-equivalent inspections can change the requirements, so applicability comes first.
加州适用车辆的 90 天检查，是承运人的定期义务California's 90-day inspection is a carrier duty for covered vehicles
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 对 §34505.5 覆盖且未被 §34501.12 排除的车辆，承运人要把至少每 90 天一次、必要时更频繁的检查纳入系统维护；项目至少包括制动调整与系统、转向和悬挂、轮胎车轮及连接装置。停驶超过 90 天的车辆可不按 90 天间隔检查，但重新上路前必须检查。检查列出的缺陷通常要先修复并由授权代表签字，除非只是驶往维修地点；检查维修记录保存两年。先确认车辆是否适用，不要把它说成 CHP 每 90 天来一次。For a vehicle covered by § 34505.5 and not exempted under § 34501.12, the carrier must include an inspection at least every 90 days, and more often when necessary, in its systematic maintenance program. The inspection includes at least brake adjustment and systems, steering and suspension, tires and wheels, and connecting devices. A vehicle out of service more than 90 days need not be inspected at 90-day intervals, but it must be inspected before highway operation. Listed defects generally must be corrected and attested by an authorized representative before operation except travel to a repair location, and records are retained two years. Confirm coverage first; this is not a CHP visit every 90 days.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
加州车辆定期检查与维修记录California Vehicle Code § 34505.5
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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联邦条文来源为 eCFR；2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重选 §396.13 和 §396.11 节选。加州 §34505.5 仍保留库内历史快照；本轮对照官方条文及 AB 3278 立法记录，不等于重新采集或替换原件。各条版本和限制见原文阅读区；版次更新不单独证明法律修订，查阅日不是生效日。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。Federal provisions are sourced from eCFR; passages from §§396.13 and 396.11 were reselected against current library editions on October 12, 2026. California §34505.5 remains a historical library snapshot. This review compared the official provision and AB 3278 legislative record; it did not recapture or replace the original. See each reader for versions and limitations. An edition update alone does not establish a legal amendment, and consultation dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
安全违规与承运许可暂停、撤销California Vehicle Code § 34505.6California Vehicle Code § 34505.6安全违规与承运许可暂停、撤销
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
安全违规与承运许可暂停、撤销California Vehicle Code § 34505.6
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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维修场所与车队场站的定义California Vehicle Code § 34515California Vehicle Code § 34515维修场所与车队场站的定义
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
维修场所与车队场站的定义California Vehicle Code § 34515
历史版本，尚未确认是否仍为现行要求。请结合下方版本日期核对官方来源。Historical library snapshot. Check its date and the official source for current requirements.
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进入港口等受控区域的 TWIC 要求§ 101.514 TWIC Requirement.查看运输工人身份凭证 TWIC 在海事受控区域的使用要求。Port operations / Driver qualifications§ 101.514 TWIC Requirement.进入港口等受控区域的 TWIC 要求
TWIC 内容针对联邦海事安保规则下的无人陪同进入安全区域；车辆登记例子限于洛杉矶港项目说明；费用内容是 FMC 对受其监管主体的集装箱滞期、滞箱做法的解释规则。不能直接推广到所有仓库、港口或公路等待费。TWIC concerns unescorted access to secure areas under federal maritime-security rules. The truck-registration example is Los Angeles-specific program guidance. The FMC content interprets container demurrage and detention practices by regulated entities, not every warehouse, port or highway waiting charge.
TWIC 对应的是人员安保准入，不是提柜授权TWIC addresses security access, not authorization to collect cargo
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 如果需要无人陪同进入这些受监管安全区域，通常先要持有 TWIC；条文本身保留了具体例外。拿到卡并不代表这次货已放行，也不能替代预约、码头身份登记或车辆要求。出发前分别问清：人能否进入、车能否进入、柜能否提走。不能用别人的卡替代自己的身份。A person needing unescorted access to a covered secure area generally needs a TWIC, subject to the stated exceptions. Possessing it does not release cargo or satisfy appointment, terminal-identification and truck requirements. Before departure, separately confirm access for the person, access for the truck and release of the container. Another person’s card does not establish your identity.
(a) (a) All persons requiring unescorted access to secure areas of vessels, facilities, and OCS facilities regulated by parts 104, 105 or 106 of this subchapter must possess a TWIC before such access is granted, except as otherwise noted in this section. A TWIC must be obtained via the procedures established by TSA in 49 CFR part 1572.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
进入港口等受控区域的 TWIC 要求§ 101.514 TWIC Requirement.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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TWIC 和 FMC 原文使用知识库固定留存的官方版次，PDTR 为洛杉矶港官方项目说明。2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重新选择三项来源的节选；PDTR 项目说明不是成文法规，也不能代替 CARB 车辆排放要求或码头当日操作规则。版本、采集时间及限制见各来源；查阅或采集日期不是生效日期。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。TWIC and FMC text uses pinned official-source editions in the library; PDTR is official Port of Los Angeles program guidance. Passages from all three sources were reselected against current library editions on October 12, 2026. PDTR guidance is not codified law and does not replace CARB vehicle-emissions requirements or current terminal procedures. See each source for versions, capture dates and limitations; consultation or capture dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
海运滞箱费、滞期费是否合理的判断原则§ 545.5 Interpretation of Shipping Act of 1984—Unjust and unreasonable practices with respect to demurrage and detention.这是海运滞箱、滞期收费的判断原则，不是司机等装卸补偿的统一标准。Port operations§ 545.5 Interpretation of Shipping Act of 1984—Unjust and unreasonable practices with respect to demurrage and detention.海运滞箱费、滞期费是否合理的判断原则
TWIC 内容针对联邦海事安保规则下的无人陪同进入安全区域；车辆登记例子限于洛杉矶港项目说明；费用内容是 FMC 对受其监管主体的集装箱滞期、滞箱做法的解释规则。不能直接推广到所有仓库、港口或公路等待费。TWIC concerns unescorted access to secure areas under federal maritime-security rules. The truck-registration example is Los Angeles-specific program guidance. The FMC content interprets container demurrage and detention practices by regulated entities, not every warehouse, port or highway waiting charge.
还不了空柜，要保留事实；不是看到收费就只能照付Keep evidence when an empty container cannot be returned
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- FMC 的解释规则会看收费是否还在起“促使尽快流转”的作用。对符合适用范围的空柜滞箱费，如果确实不能还柜、又没有需要另行考虑的情形，收费做法很可能被认定不合理。但这不是“没约到就自动免单”。保存预约限制、拒收通知、联系记录和收费日期，再按收费方的争议流程提出具体理由。The FMC considers whether a charge serves its purpose of encouraging cargo and equipment movement. For covered detention, charges when empty containers cannot be returned are likely unreasonable absent extenuating circumstances. This does not mean an unavailable appointment automatically cancels a bill. Retain appointment restrictions, rejection notices, communications and billed dates, then present specific reasons through the billing party’s dispute process.
(c)(2)(ii) (ii) Empty container return. Absent extenuating circumstances, practices and regulations that provide for imposition of detention when it does not serve its incentivizing purposes, such as when empty containers cannot be returned, are likely to be found unreasonable.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
海运滞箱费、滞期费是否合理的判断原则§ 545.5 Interpretation of Shipping Act of 1984—Unjust and unreasonable practices with respect to demurrage and detention.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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TWIC 和 FMC 原文使用知识库固定留存的官方版次，PDTR 为洛杉矶港官方项目说明。2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重新选择三项来源的节选；PDTR 项目说明不是成文法规，也不能代替 CARB 车辆排放要求或码头当日操作规则。版本、采集时间及限制见各来源；查阅或采集日期不是生效日期。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。TWIC and FMC text uses pinned official-source editions in the library; PDTR is official Port of Los Angeles program guidance. Passages from all three sources were reselected against current library editions on October 12, 2026. PDTR guidance is not codified law and does not replace CARB vehicle-emissions requirements or current terminal procedures. See each source for versions, capture dates and limitations; consultation or capture dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
货损索赔后的残值货物处理§ 370.11 Processing of salvage.§ 370.11 Processing of salvage.货损索赔后的残值货物处理
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
货损索赔后的残值货物处理§ 370.11 Processing of salvage.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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货损、货差等运输索赔的提交§ 370.3 Filing of claims.§ 370.3 Filing of claims.货损、货差等运输索赔的提交
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
货损、货差等运输索赔的提交§ 370.3 Filing of claims.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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承运人租用车辆的基本要求§ 376.11 General leasing requirements.§ 376.11 General leasing requirements.承运人租用车辆的基本要求
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人租用车辆的基本要求§ 376.11 General leasing requirements.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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承运人车辆租赁合同的内容要求§ 376.12 Lease requirements.§ 376.12 Lease requirements.承运人车辆租赁合同的内容要求
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人车辆租赁合同的内容要求§ 376.12 Lease requirements.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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酒精与药物检测：适用范围§ 382.103 Applicability.§ 382.103 Applicability.酒精与药物检测：适用范围
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
酒精与药物检测：适用范围§ 382.103 Applicability.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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酒精与药物检测：术语定义§ 382.107 Definitions.§ 382.107 Definitions.酒精与药物检测：术语定义
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
酒精与药物检测：术语定义§ 382.107 Definitions.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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司机酒精浓度规定§ 382.201 Alcohol concentration.§ 382.201 Alcohol concentration.司机酒精浓度规定
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
司机酒精浓度规定§ 382.201 Alcohol concentration.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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值勤期间饮酒的限制§ 382.205 On-duty use.§ 382.205 On-duty use.值勤期间饮酒的限制
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
值勤期间饮酒的限制§ 382.205 On-duty use.
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值勤前饮酒的限制§ 382.207 Pre-duty use.§ 382.207 Pre-duty use.值勤前饮酒的限制
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
值勤前饮酒的限制§ 382.207 Pre-duty use.
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事故后饮酒的限制§ 382.209 Use following an accident.§ 382.209 Use following an accident.事故后饮酒的限制
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事故后饮酒的限制§ 382.209 Use following an accident.
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拒绝酒精或药物检测§ 382.211 Refusal to submit to a required alcohol or controlled substances test.§ 382.211 Refusal to submit to a required alcohol or controlled substances test.拒绝酒精或药物检测
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拒绝酒精或药物检测§ 382.211 Refusal to submit to a required alcohol or controlled substances test.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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司机使用受管制药物的规定§ 382.213 Controlled substance use.§ 382.213 Controlled substance use.司机使用受管制药物的规定
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司机使用受管制药物的规定§ 382.213 Controlled substance use.
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药物检测结果与值勤限制§ 382.215 Controlled substances testing.§ 382.215 Controlled substances testing.药物检测结果与值勤限制
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药物检测结果与值勤限制§ 382.215 Controlled substances testing.
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司机入职前检测§ 382.301 Pre-employment testing.§ 382.301 Pre-employment testing.司机入职前检测
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司机入职前检测§ 382.301 Pre-employment testing.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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事故后的酒精与药物检测§ 382.303 Post-accident testing.§ 382.303 Post-accident testing.事故后的酒精与药物检测
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事故后的酒精与药物检测§ 382.303 Post-accident testing.
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酒精与药物随机抽检§ 382.305 Random testing.§ 382.305 Random testing.酒精与药物随机抽检
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酒精与药物随机抽检§ 382.305 Random testing.
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有合理怀疑时的酒精与药物检测§ 382.307 Reasonable suspicion testing.§ 382.307 Reasonable suspicion testing.有合理怀疑时的酒精与药物检测
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有合理怀疑时的酒精与药物检测§ 382.307 Reasonable suspicion testing.
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恢复值勤前的检测§ 382.309 Return-to-duty testing.§ 382.309 Return-to-duty testing.恢复值勤前的检测
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恢复值勤前的检测§ 382.309 Return-to-duty testing.
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恢复值勤后的跟踪检测§ 382.311 Follow-up testing.§ 382.311 Follow-up testing.恢复值勤后的跟踪检测
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恢复值勤后的跟踪检测§ 382.311 Follow-up testing.
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酒精与药物检测记录的保存§ 382.401 Retention of records.§ 382.401 Retention of records.酒精与药物检测记录的保存
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酒精与药物检测记录的保存§ 382.401 Retention of records.
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暂停司机从事安全敏感工作§ 382.501 Removal from safety-sensitive function.§ 382.501 Removal from safety-sensitive function.暂停司机从事安全敏感工作
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暂停司机从事安全敏感工作§ 382.501 Removal from safety-sensitive function.
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雇主的酒精与药物管理政策§ 382.601 Employer obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of alcohol and use of controlled substances.§ 382.601 Employer obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of alcohol and use of controlled substances.雇主的酒精与药物管理政策
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雇主的酒精与药物管理政策§ 382.601 Employer obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of alcohol and use of controlled substances.
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酒精与药物管理：主管培训§ 382.603 Training for supervisors.§ 382.603 Training for supervisors.酒精与药物管理：主管培训
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酒精与药物管理：主管培训§ 382.603 Training for supervisors.
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酒精与药物记录查询（Clearinghouse）§ 382.701 Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.§ 382.701 Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.酒精与药物记录查询（Clearinghouse）
以下是联邦 49 CFR Parts 391 与 382 的常用入口，主要帮助新司机和车队做上车前核对。具体适用范围、州内运营规则、资格例外、豁免、限制和个别体检周期仍要按实际运营与官方现行资料判断。These are common entry points under 49 CFR Parts 391 and 382 for pre-driving review. Applicability, intrastate rules, qualification exceptions, exemptions, restrictions, and individual medical-certification periods still depend on the operation and current official sources.
Clearinghouse：上岗前查一次，在职至少每年再查Clearinghouse: query before employment and at least annually
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 对受 Part 382 药酒测试约束、要执行安全敏感工作的司机，雇主在上岗前必须先做完整查询，并取得司机的特定同意；在职期间还要至少每年查询一次。年度查询可以先做有限查询，但有限结果只告诉雇主“有无信息”，不是把内容或禁驾结论全部显示出来；若显示存在信息，24 小时内要做完整查询，否则不能继续安排安全敏感工作，直到完整结果确认没有禁令。For a driver subject to Part 382 testing who will perform safety-sensitive work, the employer must first conduct a full pre-employment query with the driver's specific consent and must query at least annually thereafter. A limited annual query only indicates whether information exists; it does not disclose the information or establish the full prohibition status. If information exists, the employer must conduct a full query within 24 hours or stop the driver from safety-sensitive work until the full result confirms no prohibition.
(a)(2) (2) The employer must conduct a full query under this section, which releases information in the Clearinghouse to an employer and requires that the individual driver give specific consent.
(b) (b) Annual query required. (1) Employers must conduct a query of the Clearinghouse at least once per year for information for all employees subject to controlled substance and alcohol testing under this part to determine whether information exists in the Clearinghouse about those employees.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
酒精与药物记录查询（Clearinghouse）§ 382.701 Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.
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本页使用知识库固定留存的官方原文版本，具体版本日期见各全文。2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重新定位 §391.11、§391.45 和 §382.701 的节选；版次差异本身不证明法律要求发生变化。采集、查阅日期不是生效日期，仍应按实际业务核对适用条件。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。This page uses pinned official-source editions in the library; each full-text reader identifies its version date. On October 12, 2026, passages from §§391.11, 391.45 and 382.701 were reselected against the current library editions. Edition differences alone do not establish changes in legal requirements. Capture and consultation dates are not effective dates; check applicability to the actual operation. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
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查询 Clearinghouse 前的司机授权§ 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.§ 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.查询 Clearinghouse 前的司机授权
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
查询 Clearinghouse 前的司机授权§ 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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向 Clearinghouse 报告记录§ 382.705 Reporting to the Clearinghouse.§ 382.705 Reporting to the Clearinghouse.向 Clearinghouse 报告记录
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
向 Clearinghouse 报告记录§ 382.705 Reporting to the Clearinghouse.
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商业驾照（CDL）的持证要求§ 383.23 Commercial driver's license.§ 383.23 Commercial driver's license.商业驾照（CDL）的持证要求
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商业驾照（CDL）的持证要求§ 383.23 Commercial driver's license.
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商业驾照规则的适用范围§ 383.3 Applicability.§ 383.3 Applicability.商业驾照规则的适用范围
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商业驾照规则的适用范围§ 383.3 Applicability.
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司机交通违法定罪的报告§ 383.31 Notification of convictions for driver violations.§ 383.31 Notification of convictions for driver violations.司机交通违法定罪的报告
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
司机交通违法定罪的报告§ 383.31 Notification of convictions for driver violations.
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驾照被暂停等情况的报告§ 383.33 Notification of driver's license suspensions.§ 383.33 Notification of driver's license suspensions.驾照被暂停等情况的报告
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
驾照被暂停等情况的报告§ 383.33 Notification of driver's license suspensions.
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雇主安排司机驾驶的限制§ 383.37 Employer responsibilities.§ 383.37 Employer responsibilities.雇主安排司机驾驶的限制
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
雇主安排司机驾驶的限制§ 383.37 Employer responsibilities.
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商业驾照规则中的术语定义§ 383.5 Definitions.§ 383.5 Definitions.商业驾照规则中的术语定义
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商业驾照规则中的术语定义§ 383.5 Definitions.
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商业驾驶资格被取消的情形§ 383.51 Disqualification of drivers.§ 383.51 Disqualification of drivers.商业驾驶资格被取消的情形
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商业驾驶资格被取消的情形§ 383.51 Disqualification of drivers.
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州政府办理商业驾照的程序§ 383.73 State procedures.§ 383.73 State procedures.州政府办理商业驾照的程序
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
州政府办理商业驾照的程序§ 383.73 State procedures.
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商业车辆分组与驾照类别§ 383.91 Commercial motor vehicle groups.§ 383.91 Commercial motor vehicle groups.商业车辆分组与驾照类别
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商业车辆分组与驾照类别§ 383.91 Commercial motor vehicle groups.
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商业驾照附加资格（Endorsements）§ 383.93 Endorsements.§ 383.93 Endorsements.商业驾照附加资格（Endorsements）
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商业驾照附加资格（Endorsements）§ 383.93 Endorsements.
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商业驾照的限制标记（Restrictions）§ 383.95 Restrictions.§ 383.95 Restrictions.商业驾照的限制标记（Restrictions）
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商业驾照的限制标记（Restrictions）§ 383.95 Restrictions.
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不得掩盖司机交通违法定罪记录§ 384.226 Prohibition on masking convictions.§ 384.226 Prohibition on masking convictions.不得掩盖司机交通违法定罪记录
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
不得掩盖司机交通违法定罪记录§ 384.226 Prohibition on masking convictions.
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向 FMCSA 提交投诉§ 386.12 Complaints.§ 386.12 Complaints.向 FMCSA 提交投诉
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
向 FMCSA 提交投诉§ 386.12 Complaints.
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承运人财务责任规则的目的与范围§ 387.1 Purpose and scope.§ 387.1 Purpose and scope.承运人财务责任规则的目的与范围
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人财务责任规则的目的与范围§ 387.1 Purpose and scope.
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财务责任规则中的州政府权限与代理人§ 387.11 State authority and designation of agent.§ 387.11 State authority and designation of agent.财务责任规则中的州政府权限与代理人
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
财务责任规则中的州政府权限与代理人§ 387.11 State authority and designation of agent.
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承运人财务责任证明表格§ 387.15 Forms.§ 387.15 Forms.承运人财务责任证明表格
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人财务责任证明表格§ 387.15 Forms.
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哪些承运人适用财务责任要求§ 387.3 Applicability.§ 387.3 Applicability.哪些承运人适用财务责任要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
哪些承运人适用财务责任要求§ 387.3 Applicability.
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承运人财务责任规则中的术语定义§ 387.5 Definitions.§ 387.5 Definitions.承运人财务责任规则中的术语定义
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人财务责任规则中的术语定义§ 387.5 Definitions.
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承运人必须具备的财务保障§ 387.7 Financial responsibility required.§ 387.7 Financial responsibility required.承运人必须具备的财务保障
本节侧重受联邦规则约束的承运人登记、载货运输财务责任及车辆标识。州内业务、危险品、租赁和其他特殊运营可能适用不同要求；MC 经营许可、加州 MCP、UCR、IRP、IFTA 与税务仍须分别核对。This section focuses on federal carrier reporting, financial responsibility for property carriage and vehicle markings. Intrastate, hazardous-material, leased and other special operations can have different requirements. Operating authority, California MCP, UCR, IRP, IFTA and tax filings need separate review.
要有正在生效的保障，不能只看“已经买过保险”Required coverage must actually be in effect
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 如果你的运营受本分部约束，要求的是达到适用最低标准、而且正在生效的财务保障。先核对承运业务、货物类型、车辆情况，再对照 §387.9 的额度表；不要把别人公司的额度照搬过来。续保时让保险服务方确认生效时间和所需申报，旧的保险证明不能说明今天仍有保障。If the operation falls under this subpart, the applicable minimum financial responsibility must be in effect. Match the operation, cargo and vehicle to the amounts in §387.9 instead of copying another carrier. At renewal, confirm effective dates and required filings with the insurance provider. An old certificate does not establish coverage today.
(a) (a) No motor carrier shall operate a motor vehicle until the motor carrier has obtained and has in effect the minimum levels of financial responsibility as set forth in § 387.9 of this subpart.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人必须具备的财务保障§ 387.7 Financial responsibility required.
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本页原文采用知识库固定留存的版本，版本日期见各全文。本次修订按库内当前版次重新选择 §390.19T、§387.7 和 §390.21T 的节选；版次更新本身不等于法律要求发生变化。2026-10-12 另查阅 FMCSA 的 Motus 临时公告（官方页面更新于 2026-09-10）：https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/temporary-suspension-biennial-update-requirement 。该公告针对 2026-06-01 或以后到期的双年度更新，未给统一结束日；办理前应查看后续公告。查阅或采集日期不是生效日期。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。The text uses pinned library editions; version dates appear in each full-text reader. This revision reselects passages from the current library editions of §§390.19T, 387.7 and 390.21T; an edition change alone does not establish a change in legal requirements. On October 12, 2026, we also consulted FMCSA’s Motus notice, updated September 10, 2026: https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/temporary-suspension-biennial-update-requirement . It covers biennial updates due on or after June 1, 2026, and states no fixed end date; check subsequent notices before acting. Consultation or capture dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
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承运人财务保障的最低额度§ 387.9 Financial responsibility, minimum levels.根据承运业务和运输货物类别，核对相应最低财务保障额度。Registration & taxes§ 387.9 Financial responsibility, minimum levels.承运人财务保障的最低额度
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人财务保障的最低额度§ 387.9 Financial responsibility, minimum levels.
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配合调查与事故记录§ 390.15 Assistance in investigations and special studies.§ 390.15 Assistance in investigations and special studies.配合调查与事故记录
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
配合调查与事故记录§ 390.15 Assistance in investigations and special studies.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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承运人等经营主体的信息申报§ 390.19T Motor carrier, hazardous material safety permit applicant/holder, and intermodal equipment provider identification reports.§ 390.19T Motor carrier, hazardous material safety permit applicant/holder, and intermodal equipment provider identification reports.承运人等经营主体的信息申报
本节侧重受联邦规则约束的承运人登记、载货运输财务责任及车辆标识。州内业务、危险品、租赁和其他特殊运营可能适用不同要求；MC 经营许可、加州 MCP、UCR、IRP、IFTA 与税务仍须分别核对。This section focuses on federal carrier reporting, financial responsibility for property carriage and vehicle markings. Intrastate, hazardous-material, leased and other special operations can have different requirements. Operating authority, California MCP, UCR, IRP, IFTA and tax filings need separate review.
两年更新按指定年份和月份，不是自己记一个周年日Biennial updates follow an assigned year and month
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 受本条约束的承运人要在运营前登记，之后按规定做双年度更新。月份看 USDOT 最后一位数字，年份看倒数第二位的奇偶；不是“上次提交后再等整整两年”。资料没变，也要核对本轮更新。完成 MCS-150 不等于 MC 经营许可、保险或州级手续已经齐全。 Motus 过渡期有临时安排：截至 2026 年 10 月 12 日查阅，FMCSA 对 2026 年 6 月 1 日或以后到期的双年度更新给予额外时间，暂缓相关执法，并暂不因未完成该项更新而停用 USDOT。办理前请核对官方后续公告和本主体的实际登记状态。A carrier covered by this section reports before operating and then follows its biennial schedule. The final USDOT digit sets the month; the next-to-last digit sets odd or even years. Do not simply wait two years after the last submission. Check the scheduled update even if information is unchanged. An MCS-150 update does not complete operating-authority, insurance or state requirements. A temporary Motus transition arrangement applies: as checked on October 12, 2026, FMCSA gives additional time for biennial updates due on or after June 1, 2026, temporarily suspending related enforcement and USDOT inactivation for failure to complete that update. Check subsequent official notices and the entity’s actual registration status before acting.
- 条件与例外Conditions and exceptions
- 临时安排仅针对公告涵盖的 2026 年 6 月 1 日或以后到期的双年度更新。公告未给统一结束日；它不取消一般登记周期、其他登记、经营许可或保险义务，也未宣布自动恢复已停用的 USDOT 状态。The temporary arrangement covers biennial updates due on or after June 1, 2026, as described in the notice. No fixed end date is stated. It does not remove the ordinary reporting schedule or other registration, operating-authority or insurance duties, and does not announce automatic restoration of an already inactive USDOT status.
(b)(1) (1) Before it begins operations; and
(b)(2) (2) Every 24 months, according to the following schedule:
(b)(3) (3) If the next-to-last digit of its USDOT Number is odd, the motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider shall file its update in every odd-numbered calendar year. If the next-to-last digit of the USDOT Number is even, the motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider shall file its update in every even-numbered calendar year.
原文后接月份表：末位 1–9 分别对应 1–9 月，末位 0 对应 10 月，均为当月最后一天。The source table assigns final digits 1–9 to January–September and 0 to October, with filing due by the last day of the month.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
承运人等经营主体的信息申报§ 390.19T Motor carrier, hazardous material safety permit applicant/holder, and intermodal equipment provider identification reports.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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本页原文采用知识库固定留存的版本，版本日期见各全文。本次修订按库内当前版次重新选择 §390.19T、§387.7 和 §390.21T 的节选；版次更新本身不等于法律要求发生变化。2026-10-12 另查阅 FMCSA 的 Motus 临时公告（官方页面更新于 2026-09-10）：https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/temporary-suspension-biennial-update-requirement 。该公告针对 2026-06-01 或以后到期的双年度更新，未给统一结束日；办理前应查看后续公告。查阅或采集日期不是生效日期。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。The text uses pinned library editions; version dates appear in each full-text reader. This revision reselects passages from the current library editions of §§390.19T, 387.7 and 390.21T; an edition change alone does not establish a change in legal requirements. On October 12, 2026, we also consulted FMCSA’s Motus notice, updated September 10, 2026: https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/temporary-suspension-biennial-update-requirement . It covers biennial updates due on or after June 1, 2026, and states no fixed end date; check subsequent notices before acting. Consultation or capture dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
商用车辆与联运设备的外部标识§ 390.21 Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.§ 390.21 Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.商用车辆与联运设备的外部标识
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商用车辆与联运设备的外部标识§ 390.21 Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.
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商用车辆与联运设备的外部标识（390.21T）§ 390.21T Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.§ 390.21T Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.商用车辆与联运设备的外部标识（390.21T）
本节侧重受联邦规则约束的承运人登记、载货运输财务责任及车辆标识。州内业务、危险品、租赁和其他特殊运营可能适用不同要求；MC 经营许可、加州 MCP、UCR、IRP、IFTA 与税务仍须分别核对。This section focuses on federal carrier reporting, financial responsibility for property carriage and vehicle markings. Intrastate, hazardous-material, leased and other special operations can have different requirements. Operating authority, California MCP, UCR, IRP, IFTA and tax filings need separate review.
车辆两侧的承运人名称和 USDOT，要能与登记资料对上The operating carrier and USDOT markings must match the records
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 受本条约束的动力车辆，应显示实际运营承运人的登记名称或一个商号，以及带有“USDOT”字样的号码。两侧都要有，颜色要醒目，白天车辆静止时应能在 50 英尺外读清。租车、挂靠或车身还有别人的名称时，要继续查相关小款；不是只贴一个好看的公司标志就够。A covered power unit must show the operating carrier’s registered legal or single trade name and number preceded by “USDOT.” Markings go on both sides, contrast with the background and remain readable from 50 feet in daylight while stationary. Rental arrangements or another name on the vehicle require checking the related provisions. A company logo alone is not enough.
(b) (b) Nature of marking. The marking must display the following information:
(b)(1) (1) The legal name or a single trade name of the motor carrier operating the self-propelled CMV, as listed on the motor carrier identification report (Form MCS-150) and submitted in accordance with § 390.19T.
(b)(2) (2) The identification number issued by FMCSA to the motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider, preceded by the letters “USDOT.”
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商用车辆与联运设备的外部标识（390.21T）§ 390.21T Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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本页原文采用知识库固定留存的版本，版本日期见各全文。本次修订按库内当前版次重新选择 §390.19T、§387.7 和 §390.21T 的节选；版次更新本身不等于法律要求发生变化。2026-10-12 另查阅 FMCSA 的 Motus 临时公告（官方页面更新于 2026-09-10）：https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/temporary-suspension-biennial-update-requirement 。该公告针对 2026-06-01 或以后到期的双年度更新，未给统一结束日；办理前应查看后续公告。查阅或采集日期不是生效日期。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。The text uses pinned library editions; version dates appear in each full-text reader. This revision reselects passages from the current library editions of §§390.19T, 387.7 and 390.21T; an edition change alone does not establish a change in legal requirements. On October 12, 2026, we also consulted FMCSA’s Motus notice, updated September 10, 2026: https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/temporary-suspension-biennial-update-requirement . It covers biennial updates due on or after June 1, 2026, and states no fixed end date; check subsequent notices before acting. Consultation or capture dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
联邦商用车安全规则的适用范围§ 390.3 General applicability.§ 390.3 General applicability.联邦商用车安全规则的适用范围
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
联邦商用车安全规则的适用范围§ 390.3 General applicability.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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联邦商用车安全规则的适用范围（390.3T）§ 390.3T General applicability.§ 390.3T General applicability.联邦商用车安全规则的适用范围（390.3T）
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
联邦商用车安全规则的适用范围（390.3T）§ 390.3T General applicability.
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联邦商用车安全规则中的术语定义§ 390.5 Definitions.§ 390.5 Definitions.联邦商用车安全规则中的术语定义
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
联邦商用车安全规则中的术语定义§ 390.5 Definitions.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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联邦商用车安全规则中的术语定义（390.5T）§ 390.5T Definitions.§ 390.5T Definitions.联邦商用车安全规则中的术语定义（390.5T）
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
联邦商用车安全规则中的术语定义（390.5T）§ 390.5T Definitions.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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禁止逼迫司机违反安全规定§ 390.6 Coercion prohibited.§ 390.6 Coercion prohibited.禁止逼迫司机违反安全规定
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
禁止逼迫司机违反安全规定§ 390.6 Coercion prohibited.
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司机资格规则的范围与承运人责任§ 391.1 Scope of the rules in this part; additional qualifications; duties of carrier-drivers.§ 391.1 Scope of the rules in this part; additional qualifications; duties of carrier-drivers.司机资格规则的范围与承运人责任
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
司机资格规则的范围与承运人责任§ 391.1 Scope of the rules in this part; additional qualifications; duties of carrier-drivers.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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商用车司机的基本资格§ 391.11 General qualifications of drivers.§ 391.11 General qualifications of drivers.商用车司机的基本资格
以下是联邦 49 CFR Parts 391 与 382 的常用入口，主要帮助新司机和车队做上车前核对。具体适用范围、州内运营规则、资格例外、豁免、限制和个别体检周期仍要按实际运营与官方现行资料判断。These are common entry points under 49 CFR Parts 391 and 382 for pre-driving review. Applicability, intrastate rules, qualification exceptions, exemptions, restrictions, and individual medical-certification periods still depend on the operation and current official sources.
有效驾照只是起点，英语与其他资格也要满足A valid license is a starting point, not the whole qualification check
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 对受本条约束的商用车司机，司机本人不能在不合格时驾驶，承运人也不能要求或允许其驾驶。常见核对项包括：能用英语与公众和执法人员沟通、看懂英文交通标志并填写记录，以及只有一个州或辖区签发的当前有效商用车驾照。不要把“驾照没过期”当成全部资格都已满足；下一步还要核对体检、禁驾状态、路考或等效文件及具体例外。For a driver covered by this rule, neither the driver nor the carrier may proceed unless the driver is qualified. Common checks include enough English to communicate with the public and officials, understand English traffic signs, and complete records, plus a currently valid commercial motor vehicle operator's license from only one State or jurisdiction. An unexpired license does not establish every qualification; next review medical status, disqualification, road-test or equivalent records, and any applicable exception.
(a) (a) A person shall not drive a commercial motor vehicle unless he/she is qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle. Except as provided in § 391.63, a motor carrier shall not require or permit a person to drive a commercial motor vehicle unless that person is qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商用车司机的基本资格§ 391.11 General qualifications of drivers.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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本页使用知识库固定留存的官方原文版本，具体版本日期见各全文。2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重新定位 §391.11、§391.45 和 §382.701 的节选；版次差异本身不证明法律要求发生变化。采集、查阅日期不是生效日期，仍应按实际业务核对适用条件。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。This page uses pinned official-source editions in the library; each full-text reader identifies its version date. On October 12, 2026, passages from §§391.11, 391.45 and 382.701 were reselected against the current library editions. Edition differences alone do not establish changes in legal requirements. Capture and consultation dates are not effective dates; check applicability to the actual operation. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
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商用车驾驶资格被取消的情形§ 391.15 Disqualification of drivers.§ 391.15 Disqualification of drivers.商用车驾驶资格被取消的情形
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商用车驾驶资格被取消的情形§ 391.15 Disqualification of drivers.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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司机资格规则中的一般例外§ 391.2 General exceptions.§ 391.2 General exceptions.司机资格规则中的一般例外
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司机资格规则中的一般例外§ 391.2 General exceptions.
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司机求职申请应提供的信息§ 391.21 Application for employment.§ 391.21 Application for employment.司机求职申请应提供的信息
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司机求职申请应提供的信息§ 391.21 Application for employment.
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雇主对司机背景和记录的核查§ 391.23 Investigation and inquiries.§ 391.23 Investigation and inquiries.雇主对司机背景和记录的核查
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雇主对司机背景和记录的核查§ 391.23 Investigation and inquiries.
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每年查询与复核司机驾驶记录§ 391.25 Annual inquiry and review of driving record.§ 391.25 Annual inquiry and review of driving record.每年查询与复核司机驾驶记录
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每年查询与复核司机驾驶记录§ 391.25 Annual inquiry and review of driving record.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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司机路考要求§ 391.31 Road test.§ 391.31 Road test.司机路考要求
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司机路考要求§ 391.31 Road test.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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哪些证明可替代司机路考§ 391.33 Equivalent of road test.§ 391.33 Equivalent of road test.哪些证明可替代司机路考
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哪些证明可替代司机路考§ 391.33 Equivalent of road test.
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司机的身体条件要求§ 391.41 Physical qualifications for drivers.§ 391.41 Physical qualifications for drivers.司机的身体条件要求
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司机的身体条件要求§ 391.41 Physical qualifications for drivers.
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司机体检与体检证明§ 391.43 Medical examination; certificate of physical examination.查体检怎么进行，以及体检证明的相关要求。Driver qualifications§ 391.43 Medical examination; certificate of physical examination.司机体检与体检证明
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司机体检与体检证明§ 391.43 Medical examination; certificate of physical examination.
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哪些司机需要体检和认证§ 391.45 Persons who must be medically examined and certified.查哪些司机需要体检、哪些情况需要重新体检。Driver qualifications§ 391.45 Persons who must be medically examined and certified.哪些司机需要体检和认证
以下是联邦 49 CFR Parts 391 与 382 的常用入口，主要帮助新司机和车队做上车前核对。具体适用范围、州内运营规则、资格例外、豁免、限制和个别体检周期仍要按实际运营与官方现行资料判断。These are common entry points under 49 CFR Parts 391 and 382 for pre-driving review. Applicability, intrastate rules, qualification exceptions, exemptions, restrictions, and individual medical-certification periods still depend on the operation and current official sources.
先有合格体检；24 个月不是人人都能直接套用Be medically qualified first; 24 months is not automatic for everyone
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 受 Part 391 体检规则约束的人，未完成合格体检认证前不能把“准备去体检”当成已经具备资格。一般条款会看前 24 个月内是否完成体检认证；但仅在豁免市内区域驾驶、符合胰岛素治疗糖尿病或特定视力条款的司机适用 12 个月周期，因身体或精神伤病不能正常履职的司机，以及被医疗检查员依 § 391.43(g)(3) 认定不具备身体资格的人，也必须按相应条款重新体检。下一步应核对实际证书期限、州驾照记录及 §§ 391.41、391.43、391.44、391.46 和 391.62 的适用条件。A person subject to the Part 391 medical rules is not medically qualified merely because an exam is scheduled. The general provision asks whether examination and certification occurred within the preceding 24 months; however, drivers limited to an exempt intracity zone, drivers covered by the insulin-treated diabetes or specified vision provisions, drivers whose physical or mental injury or disease impairs normal duties, and persons found medically unqualified under § 391.43(g)(3) must be examined on the applicable shorter cycle or reexamined as the section requires. Next check the actual certificate period, the State license record, and the applicable conditions in §§ 391.41, 391.43, 391.44, 391.46, and 391.62.
The following persons must be medically examined and certified in accordance with § 391.43 as physically qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle:
(a) (a) Any person who has not been medically examined and certified as physically qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle;
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
哪些司机需要体检和认证§ 391.45 Persons who must be medically examined and certified.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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本页使用知识库固定留存的官方原文版本，具体版本日期见各全文。2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重新定位 §391.11、§391.45 和 §382.701 的节选；版次差异本身不证明法律要求发生变化。采集、查阅日期不是生效日期，仍应按实际业务核对适用条件。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。This page uses pinned official-source editions in the library; each full-text reader identifies its version date. On October 12, 2026, passages from §§391.11, 391.45 and 382.701 were reselected against the current library editions. Edition differences alone do not establish changes in legal requirements. Capture and consultation dates are not effective dates; check applicability to the actual operation. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
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车队应保存的司机资格档案§ 391.51 General requirements for driver qualification files.§ 391.51 General requirements for driver qualification files.车队应保存的司机资格档案
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车队应保存的司机资格档案§ 391.51 General requirements for driver qualification files.
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商用车行车规则的适用范围§ 392.1 Scope of the rules in this part.§ 392.1 Scope of the rules in this part.商用车行车规则的适用范围
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商用车行车规则的适用范围§ 392.1 Scope of the rules in this part.
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恶劣天气等危险条件下的驾驶§ 392.14 Hazardous conditions; extreme caution.§ 392.14 Hazardous conditions; extreme caution.恶劣天气等危险条件下的驾驶
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恶劣天气等危险条件下的驾驶§ 392.14 Hazardous conditions; extreme caution.
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商用车安全带使用规定§ 392.16 Use of seat belts.§ 392.16 Use of seat belts.商用车安全带使用规定
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商用车安全带使用规定§ 392.16 Use of seat belts.
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行车时应遵守的法律与规则§ 392.2 Applicable operating rules.§ 392.2 Applicable operating rules.行车时应遵守的法律与规则
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行车时应遵守的法律与规则§ 392.2 Applicable operating rules.
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车辆紧急停车后的警示措施§ 392.22 Emergency signals; stopped commercial motor vehicles.§ 392.22 Emergency signals; stopped commercial motor vehicles.车辆紧急停车后的警示措施
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车辆紧急停车后的警示措施§ 392.22 Emergency signals; stopped commercial motor vehicles.
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生病或疲劳时的驾驶限制§ 392.3 Ill or fatigued operator.§ 392.3 Ill or fatigued operator.生病或疲劳时的驾驶限制
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生病或疲劳时的驾驶限制§ 392.3 Ill or fatigued operator.
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驾驶时的药物与其他物质限制§ 392.4 Drugs and other substances.§ 392.4 Drugs and other substances.驾驶时的药物与其他物质限制
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驾驶时的药物与其他物质限制§ 392.4 Drugs and other substances.
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商用车驾驶中的禁酒规定§ 392.5 Alcohol prohibition.§ 392.5 Alcohol prohibition.商用车驾驶中的禁酒规定
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商用车驾驶中的禁酒规定§ 392.5 Alcohol prohibition.
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上路前的车辆设备检查§ 392.7 Equipment, inspection and use.§ 392.7 Equipment, inspection and use.上路前的车辆设备检查
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上路前的车辆设备检查§ 392.7 Equipment, inspection and use.
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驾驶时禁止发短信§ 392.80 Prohibition against texting.§ 392.80 Prohibition against texting.驾驶时禁止发短信
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驾驶时禁止发短信§ 392.80 Prohibition against texting.
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驾驶时的手持电话限制§ 392.82 Using a hand-held mobile telephone.§ 392.82 Using a hand-held mobile telephone.驾驶时的手持电话限制
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驾驶时的手持电话限制§ 392.82 Using a hand-held mobile telephone.
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货物与固定装置的检查§ 392.9 Inspection of cargo, cargo securement devices and systems.§ 392.9 Inspection of cargo, cargo securement devices and systems.货物与固定装置的检查
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货物与固定装置的检查§ 392.9 Inspection of cargo, cargo securement devices and systems.
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车辆零部件与附件规则的适用范围§ 393.1 Scope of the rules in this part.§ 393.1 Scope of the rules in this part.车辆零部件与附件规则的适用范围
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车辆零部件与附件规则的适用范围§ 393.1 Scope of the rules in this part.
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货物固定标准的适用范围与基本要求§ 393.100 Applicability and general requirements of cargo securement standards.§ 393.100 Applicability and general requirements of cargo securement standards.货物固定标准的适用范围与基本要求
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货物固定标准的适用范围与基本要求§ 393.100 Applicability and general requirements of cargo securement standards.
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货物固定装置需要承受的作用力§ 393.102 Minimum performance criteria for cargo securement devices and systems.§ 393.102 Minimum performance criteria for cargo securement devices and systems.货物固定装置需要承受的作用力
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货物固定装置需要承受的作用力§ 393.102 Minimum performance criteria for cargo securement devices and systems.
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货物固定装置与系统的标准§ 393.104 Standards for cargo securement devices and systems.§ 393.104 Standards for cargo securement devices and systems.货物固定装置与系统的标准
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货物固定装置与系统的标准§ 393.104 Standards for cargo securement devices and systems.
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货物固定的通用要求§ 393.106 General requirements for securing articles of cargo.§ 393.106 General requirements for securing articles of cargo.货物固定的通用要求
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货物固定的通用要求§ 393.106 General requirements for securing articles of cargo.
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绑带、链条的工作载荷与防滑垫的固定能力§ 393.108 Determining the working load limit of a tiedown or the load restraining value of a friction mat.§ 393.108 Determining the working load limit of a tiedown or the load restraining value of a friction mat.绑带、链条的工作载荷与防滑垫的固定能力
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绑带、链条的工作载荷与防滑垫的固定能力§ 393.108 Determining the working load limit of a tiedown or the load restraining value of a friction mat.
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车灯与反光装置的配备要求§ 393.11 Lamps and reflective devices.§ 393.11 Lamps and reflective devices.车灯与反光装置的配备要求
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车灯与反光装置的配备要求§ 393.11 Lamps and reflective devices.
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货物系固装置的最低数量§ 393.110 Additional requirements for determining the minimum number of tiedowns.§ 393.110 Additional requirements for determining the minimum number of tiedowns.货物系固装置的最低数量
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货物系固装置的最低数量§ 393.110 Additional requirements for determining the minimum number of tiedowns.
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货物系固装置的调整要求§ 393.112 Adjustability of tiedowns.§ 393.112 Adjustability of tiedowns.货物系固装置的调整要求
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货物系固装置的调整要求§ 393.112 Adjustability of tiedowns.
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用于挡住货物的前端结构要求§ 393.114 Requirements for front end structures used as part of a cargo securement system.§ 393.114 Requirements for front end structures used as part of a cargo securement system.用于挡住货物的前端结构要求
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用于挡住货物的前端结构要求§ 393.114 Requirements for front end structures used as part of a cargo securement system.
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加工木材与类似建筑材料的固定§ 393.118 Specific securement requirements for dressed lumber and similar building products.§ 393.118 Specific securement requirements for dressed lumber and similar building products.加工木材与类似建筑材料的固定
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加工木材与类似建筑材料的固定§ 393.118 Specific securement requirements for dressed lumber and similar building products.
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钢卷等金属卷材的固定§ 393.120 Specific securement requirements for metal coils.§ 393.120 Specific securement requirements for metal coils.钢卷等金属卷材的固定
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钢卷等金属卷材的固定§ 393.120 Specific securement requirements for metal coils.
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联运集装箱的固定§ 393.126 Specific securement requirements for intermodal containers.§ 393.126 Specific securement requirements for intermodal containers.联运集装箱的固定
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联运集装箱的固定§ 393.126 Specific securement requirements for intermodal containers.
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小汽车、轻型卡车与厢式车的固定§ 393.128 Specific securement requirements for automobiles, light trucks, and vans.§ 393.128 Specific securement requirements for automobiles, light trucks, and vans.小汽车、轻型卡车与厢式车的固定
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小汽车、轻型卡车与厢式车的固定§ 393.128 Specific securement requirements for automobiles, light trucks, and vans.
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1993 年 12 月前制造拖车的反光标识要求§ 393.13 Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors, requirements for semitrailers and trailers manufactured before December 1, 1993.§ 393.13 Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors, requirements for semitrailers and trailers manufactured before December 1, 1993.1993 年 12 月前制造拖车的反光标识要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
1993 年 12 月前制造拖车的反光标识要求§ 393.13 Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors, requirements for semitrailers and trailers manufactured before December 1, 1993.
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重型车辆、设备与机械的固定§ 393.130 Specific securement requirements for heavy vehicles, equipment, and machinery.§ 393.130 Specific securement requirements for heavy vehicles, equipment, and machinery.重型车辆、设备与机械的固定
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
重型车辆、设备与机械的固定§ 393.130 Specific securement requirements for heavy vehicles, equipment, and machinery.
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车辆必须配备的制动系统§ 393.40 Required brake systems.§ 393.40 Required brake systems.车辆必须配备的制动系统
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆必须配备的制动系统§ 393.40 Required brake systems.
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驻车制动（停车刹车）要求§ 393.41 Parking brake system.§ 393.41 Parking brake system.驻车制动（停车刹车）要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
驻车制动（停车刹车）要求§ 393.41 Parking brake system.
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各车轮的制动器要求§ 393.42 Brakes required on all wheels.§ 393.42 Brakes required on all wheels.各车轮的制动器要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
各车轮的制动器要求§ 393.42 Brakes required on all wheels.
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连接断开时与紧急情况下的制动§ 393.43 Breakaway and emergency braking.§ 393.43 Breakaway and emergency braking.连接断开时与紧急情况下的制动
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
连接断开时与紧急情况下的制动§ 393.43 Breakaway and emergency braking.
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制动管路、软管与接头要求§ 393.45 Brake tubing and hoses; hose assemblies and end fittings.§ 393.45 Brake tubing and hoses; hose assemblies and end fittings.制动管路、软管与接头要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
制动管路、软管与接头要求§ 393.45 Brake tubing and hoses; hose assemblies and end fittings.
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制动执行器、调整臂与摩擦部件要求§ 393.47 Brake actuators, slack adjusters, linings/pads and drums/rotors.§ 393.47 Brake actuators, slack adjusters, linings/pads and drums/rotors.制动执行器、调整臂与摩擦部件要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
制动执行器、调整臂与摩擦部件要求§ 393.47 Brake actuators, slack adjusters, linings/pads and drums/rotors.
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制动器必须能正常工作§ 393.48 Brakes to be operative.§ 393.48 Brakes to be operative.制动器必须能正常工作
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
制动器必须能正常工作§ 393.48 Brakes to be operative.
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车辆零部件规则中的术语定义§ 393.5 Definitions.§ 393.5 Definitions.车辆零部件规则中的术语定义
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆零部件规则中的术语定义§ 393.5 Definitions.
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制动警报、气压表与真空表要求§ 393.51 Warning signals, air pressure and vacuum gauges.§ 393.51 Warning signals, air pressure and vacuum gauges.制动警报、气压表与真空表要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
制动警报、气压表与真空表要求§ 393.51 Warning signals, air pressure and vacuum gauges.
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制动性能要求§ 393.52 Brake performance.§ 393.52 Brake performance.制动性能要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
制动性能要求§ 393.52 Brake performance.
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自动制动调整器与调整指示器§ 393.53 Automatic brake adjusters and brake adjustment indicators.§ 393.53 Automatic brake adjusters and brake adjustment indicators.自动制动调整器与调整指示器
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
自动制动调整器与调整指示器§ 393.53 Automatic brake adjusters and brake adjustment indicators.
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防抱死制动系统（ABS）要求§ 393.55 Antilock brake systems.§ 393.55 Antilock brake systems.防抱死制动系统（ABS）要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
防抱死制动系统（ABS）要求§ 393.55 Antilock brake systems.
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车辆车窗玻璃要求§ 393.60 Glazing in specified openings.§ 393.60 Glazing in specified openings.车辆车窗玻璃要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆车窗玻璃要求§ 393.60 Glazing in specified openings.
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车辆连接装置与拖曳方式§ 393.70 Coupling devices and towing methods, except for driveaway-towaway operations.§ 393.70 Coupling devices and towing methods, except for driveaway-towaway operations.车辆连接装置与拖曳方式
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆连接装置与拖曳方式§ 393.70 Coupling devices and towing methods, except for driveaway-towaway operations.
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轮胎要求§ 393.75 Tires.§ 393.75 Tires.轮胎要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
轮胎要求§ 393.75 Tires.
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卧铺的设施要求§ 393.76 Sleeper berths.这是车辆卧铺设施标准；卧铺休息的工时规则见 49 CFR 395.1。Vehicle & road safety§ 393.76 Sleeper berths.卧铺的设施要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
卧铺的设施要求§ 393.76 Sleeper berths.
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挡风玻璃雨刷与清洗系统§ 393.78 Windshield wiping and washing systems.§ 393.78 Windshield wiping and washing systems.挡风玻璃雨刷与清洗系统
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
挡风玻璃雨刷与清洗系统§ 393.78 Windshield wiping and washing systems.
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后视镜要求§ 393.80 Rear-vision mirrors.§ 393.80 Rear-vision mirrors.后视镜要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
后视镜要求§ 393.80 Rear-vision mirrors.
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车辆排气系统要求§ 393.83 Exhaust systems.§ 393.83 Exhaust systems.车辆排气系统要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆排气系统要求§ 393.83 Exhaust systems.
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车灯正常工作与反光装置不受遮挡§ 393.9 Lamps operable, prohibition of obstructions of lamps and reflectors.§ 393.9 Lamps operable, prohibition of obstructions of lamps and reflectors.车灯正常工作与反光装置不受遮挡
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车灯正常工作与反光装置不受遮挡§ 393.9 Lamps operable, prohibition of obstructions of lamps and reflectors.
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动力车辆应配备的应急设备§ 393.95 Emergency equipment on all power units.§ 393.95 Emergency equipment on all power units.动力车辆应配备的应急设备
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
动力车辆应配备的应急设备§ 393.95 Emergency equipment on all power units.
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工时规则的适用范围与例外§ 395.1 Scope of rules in this part.先确认工时规定是否适用，再核对短途等例外条件。Hours & logs§ 395.1 Scope of rules in this part.工时规则的适用范围与例外
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
工时规则的适用范围与例外§ 395.1 Scope of rules in this part.
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驾驶记录的辅助证明材料§ 395.11 Supporting documents.§ 395.11 Supporting documents.驾驶记录的辅助证明材料
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驾驶记录的辅助证明材料§ 395.11 Supporting documents.
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工时与驾驶记录中的术语定义§ 395.2 Definitions.§ 395.2 Definitions.工时与驾驶记录中的术语定义
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工时与驾驶记录中的术语定义§ 395.2 Definitions.
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哪些情况适用电子日志（ELD）要求§ 395.20 ELD applicability and scope.§ 395.20 ELD applicability and scope.哪些情况适用电子日志（ELD）要求
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哪些情况适用电子日志（ELD）要求§ 395.20 ELD applicability and scope.
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电子日志（ELD）：承运人的责任§ 395.22 Motor carrier responsibilities—In general.§ 395.22 Motor carrier responsibilities—In general.电子日志（ELD）：承运人的责任
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电子日志（ELD）：承运人的责任§ 395.22 Motor carrier responsibilities—In general.
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电子日志（ELD）：司机的责任§ 395.24 Driver responsibilities—In general.§ 395.24 Driver responsibilities—In general.电子日志（ELD）：司机的责任
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电子日志（ELD）：司机的责任§ 395.24 Driver responsibilities—In general.
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电子日志（ELD）自动记录哪些数据§ 395.26 ELD data automatically recorded.§ 395.26 ELD data automatically recorded.电子日志（ELD）自动记录哪些数据
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
电子日志（ELD）自动记录哪些数据§ 395.26 ELD data automatically recorded.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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电子日志中的特殊驾驶类别与状态§ 395.28 Special driving categories; other driving statuses.§ 395.28 Special driving categories; other driving statuses.电子日志中的特殊驾驶类别与状态
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
电子日志中的特殊驾驶类别与状态§ 395.28 Special driving categories; other driving statuses.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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货运司机的驾驶时间与休息要求§ 395.3 Maximum driving time for property-carrying vehicles.查货运司机的驾驶时限、休息安排与累计工时。Hours & logs§ 395.3 Maximum driving time for property-carrying vehicles.货运司机的驾驶时间与休息要求
下面是受 49 CFR § 395.3 约束的一般联邦载货车辆规则概览。客运、短途运营、卧铺拆分、恶劣驾驶条件、紧急情况及其他 § 395.1 例外可能改变适用结果；州内运营也可能适用不同规则。This is an overview of the general federal property-carrying rules under 49 CFR § 395.3. Passenger operations, short-haul operations, sleeper-berth splits, adverse driving conditions, emergencies, and other § 395.1 exceptions can change the result. Intrastate operations may also follow different rules.
连续休息 10 小时后的驾驶上限Driving limit after 10 consecutive hours off duty
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 一般规则下，连续休息至少 10 小时后，最多可驾驶 11 小时，同时受 14 小时窗口约束。装卸、加油或等待等非驾驶时间不计入这 11 小时，但会经过 14 小时窗口；不能把 11 小时理解为可不间断地一直开。Under the general rules, at least 10 consecutive hours off duty permit up to 11 hours of driving, also subject to the 14-hour window. Loading, fueling and waiting do not count toward the 11 driving hours, but time still passes in the 14-hour window. The 11-hour limit does not authorize uninterrupted driving.
(a)(1) Start of work shift. A driver may not drive without first taking 10 consecutive hours off duty;
(a)(3)(i) Driving time. A driver may drive a total of 11 hours during the period specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
原文中的 (a)(2)，就是下一条的 14 小时窗口。Paragraph (a)(2) is the 14-hour window shown next.
上岗后允许驾驶的连续窗口Consecutive driving window after coming on duty
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 在连续休息 10 小时后上岗，通常必须在接下来的连续 14 小时内完成驾驶。普通的午休、排队或其他下班时间不会自动把窗口往后推；符合条件的卧铺拆分或其他例外要另按 § 395.1 判断。After coming on duty following 10 consecutive hours off duty, driving generally must be completed within the next 14 consecutive hours. An ordinary meal break, queue, or other off-duty period does not automatically extend the window. A qualifying sleeper-berth split or another exception must be evaluated separately under § 395.1.
(a)(2) 14-hour period. A driver may not drive after a period of 14 consecutive hours after coming on-duty following 10 consecutive hours off-duty.
继续驾驶前需要 30 分钟非驾驶中断A 30-minute non-driving interruption before more driving
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 累计驾驶到 8 小时后，如果中间没有连续 30 分钟的非驾驶时间，就要先完成这段中断才能继续驾驶。这个 30 分钟可以是下班、卧铺、在岗但未驾驶，或这些非驾驶状态的连续组合；符合短途例外的司机可能不受这项要求约束。After 8 cumulative driving hours without a consecutive 30-minute interruption in driving, a driver must complete that interruption before driving again. The 30 minutes may be off duty, sleeper berth, on duty but not driving, or a consecutive combination of those non-driving statuses. Drivers who qualify for a short-haul exception may be exempt from this requirement.
(a)(3)(ii) Interruption of driving time. Except for drivers who qualify for either of the short-haul exceptions in § 395.1(e)(1) or (2), driving is not permitted if more than 8 hours of driving time have passed without at least a consecutive 30-minute interruption in driving status.
多日值勤累计，也会限制继续驾驶Cumulative on-duty hours also limit driving
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 车队不是每天运营时，通常按连续 7 天内 60 小时值勤计算；车队每天运营时可采用连续 8 天内 70 小时。达到适用上限后不能继续驾驶。连续休息至少 34 小时可以重新开始相应的 7 天或 8 天周期，但仍要核对实际适用规则。A carrier that does not operate every day generally uses 60 on-duty hours in 7 consecutive days; a carrier that operates every day may use 70 hours in 8 consecutive days. Driving is not allowed after the applicable limit is reached. At least 34 consecutive hours off duty can restart the applicable 7- or 8-day period, subject to the rules that apply to the operation.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
货运司机的驾驶时间与休息要求§ 395.3 Maximum driving time for property-carrying vehicles.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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本页原文使用知识库中固定留存的 §395.3 版本，版本日期见全文。2026-10-11 对照了官方 eCFR（页面标示截至 2026-10-07），未发现影响本页解读的差异；查阅日期不代表重新采集了原文，也不是生效日期。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文；具体适用仍须结合官方原文与实际情况。The text uses the pinned library edition of §395.3; see the full-text reader for its version. Comparison with official eCFR on 2026-10-11 (displayed current through 2026-10-07) found no difference affecting these explanations. Consultation is not a new capture or effective date. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation; application depends on official text and actual circumstances.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
电子日志的提交、修改、备注与保存§ 395.30 ELD record submissions, edits, annotations, and data retention.§ 395.30 ELD record submissions, edits, annotations, and data retention.电子日志的提交、修改、备注与保存
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
电子日志的提交、修改、备注与保存§ 395.30 ELD record submissions, edits, annotations, and data retention.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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未识别司机的驾驶记录§ 395.32 Non-authenticated driver logs.§ 395.32 Non-authenticated driver logs.未识别司机的驾驶记录
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
未识别司机的驾驶记录§ 395.32 Non-authenticated driver logs.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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电子日志（ELD）故障与数据诊断§ 395.34 ELD malfunctions and data diagnostic events.电子日志出故障或出现诊断提示时，查看司机与承运人的处理要求。Hours & logs§ 395.34 ELD malfunctions and data diagnostic events.电子日志（ELD）故障与数据诊断
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
电子日志（ELD）故障与数据诊断§ 395.34 ELD malfunctions and data diagnostic events.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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司机值勤状态记录（驾驶日志）§ 395.8 Driver's record of duty status.查看司机值勤状态记录的填写、提交与保存要求。Hours & logs§ 395.8 Driver's record of duty status.司机值勤状态记录（驾驶日志）
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
司机值勤状态记录（驾驶日志）§ 395.8 Driver's record of duty status.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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车辆检查、维修与保养规则的适用范围§ 396.1 Scope.§ 396.1 Scope.车辆检查、维修与保养规则的适用范围
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆检查、维修与保养规则的适用范围§ 396.1 Scope.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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司机车辆检查报告（DVIR）§ 396.11 Driver vehicle inspection report(s).查看司机车辆检查报告应记录什么，以及缺陷处理和记录保存。Vehicle & road safety§ 396.11 Driver vehicle inspection report(s).司机车辆检查报告（DVIR）
以下以联邦 49 CFR Part 396 的常用要求和 California Vehicle Code §34505.5 为入口。车辆类型、州际或州内运营、单车承运人、非营业客运、driveaway-towaway、联运设备及州级等效检查可能改变报告或检查要求，应先确认适用范围。These entry points cover common requirements in 49 CFR Part 396 and California Vehicle Code § 34505.5. Vehicle type, interstate or intrastate operation, one-CMV carriers, private nonbusiness passenger carriage, driveaway-towaway operations, intermodal equipment, and State-equivalent inspections can change the requirements, so applicability comes first.
发现安全或故障风险，就写清车辆与缺陷并处理Identify, report, and address safety or breakdown defects
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 司机当天发现或收到会影响安全运行、或可能造成机械故障的缺陷，应在当天工作结束时通过适用的 DVIR 标明车辆和问题并签名；同日开过多辆车时，每辆分别处理。联邦规则明确：没有发现或收到缺陷时，司机不必仅为“零缺陷”制作这份报告，但本条有单车承运人等例外，州法或车队制度也可能更严格。再次运行前，承运人要完成必要维修，并在记录中认证已修复或该缺陷无需维修；只有车辆能安全运行时才能继续上路。A driver who discovers or receives notice during the day of a defect that could affect safe operation or cause a mechanical breakdown must, at the end of that workday, identify the vehicle and defect in the applicable DVIR and sign it; each vehicle driven that day is handled separately. The federal rule says a no-defect report is not required when no defect was discovered or reported, but the section has exceptions, including for a carrier operating only one CMV, and State or carrier rules may be stricter. Before the vehicle operates again, the carrier must complete necessary repairs and certify that repairs were made or that repair was unnecessary; the vehicle may continue only when it can be operated safely.
(2) Report content. (i) The report must identify the vehicle and list any defect or deficiency discovered by or reported to the driver which would affect the safety of operation of the vehicle or result in its mechanical breakdown. If a driver operates more than one vehicle during the day, a report must be prepared for each vehicle operated. Drivers are not required to prepare a report if no defect or deficiency is discovered by or reported to the driver.
(ii) The driver must sign the report. On two-driver operations, only one driver needs to sign the driver vehicle inspection report, provided both drivers agree as to the defects or deficiencies identified.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
司机车辆检查报告（DVIR）§ 396.11 Driver vehicle inspection report(s).
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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49 CFR 396.11 · § 396.11 Driver vehicle inspection report(s).
§ 396.11 Driver vehicle inspection report(s).
(a)Equipment provided by motor carrier. (1) Report required. Every motor carrier shall require its drivers to report, and every driver shall prepare a report in writing at the completion of each day's work on each vehicle operated, except for intermodal equipment tendered by an intermodal equipment provider. The report shall cover at least the following parts and accessories:
(i) Service brakes including trailer brake connections;
(ii) Parking brake;
(iii) Steering mechanism;
(iv) Lighting devices and reflectors;
(v) Tires;
(vi) Horn;
(vii) Windshield wipers;
(viii) Rear vision mirrors;
(ix) Coupling devices;
(x) Wheels and rims;
(xi) Emergency equipment.
(2) Report content. (i) The report must identify the vehicle and list any defect or deficiency discovered by or reported to the driver which would affect the safety of operation of the vehicle or result in its mechanical breakdown. If a driver operates more than one vehicle during the day, a report must be prepared for each vehicle operated. Drivers are not required to prepare a report if no defect or deficiency is discovered by or reported to the driver.
(ii) The driver must sign the report. On two-driver operations, only one driver needs to sign the driver vehicle inspection report, provided both drivers agree as to the defects or deficiencies identified.
(3) Corrective action. (i) Prior to requiring or permitting a driver to operate a vehicle, every motor carrier or its agent shall repair any defect or deficiency listed on the driver vehicle inspection report which would be likely to affect the safety of operation of the vehicle.
(ii) Every motor carrier or its agent shall certify on the driver vehicle inspection report which lists any defect or deficiency that the defect or deficiency has been repaired or that repair is unnecessary before the vehicle is operated again.
(4) Retention period for reports. Every motor carrier shall maintain the driver vehicle inspection report, the certification of repairs, and the certification of the driver's review for three months from the date the written report was prepared.
(5) Exceptions. The rules in this section shall not apply to a private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness), a driveaway-towaway operation, or any motor carrier operating only one commercial motor vehicle.
(6) Electronic reporting. The report required by this paragraph (a) may be created and maintained in electronic format, in accordance with 49 CFR 390.32.
(b)Equipment provided by intermodal equipment provider. (1) Report required. Every intermodal equipment provider must have a process to receive driver reports of, and each driver or motor carrier transporting intermodal equipment must report to the intermodal equipment provider or its designated agent, any known damage, defects, or deficiencies in the intermodal equipment at the time the equipment is returned to the provider or the provider's designated agent. The report must include, at a minimum, the following parts and accessories:
(i) Brakes;
(ii) Lighting devices, lamps, markers, and conspicuity marking material;
(iii) Wheels, rims, lugs, tires;
(iv) Air line connections, hoses, and couplers;
(v) King pin upper coupling device;
(vi) Rails or support frames;
(vii) Tie down bolsters;
(viii) Locking pins, clevises, clamps, or hooks;
(ix) Sliders or sliding frame lock.
(2) Report content. (i) Name of the motor carrier responsible for the operation of the intermodal equipment at the time the damage, defects, or deficiencies were discovered by, or reported to, the driver.
(ii) Motor carrier's USDOT number; intermodal equipment provider's USDOT number, and a unique identifying number for the item of intermodal equipment.
(iii) Date and time the report was submitted.
(iv) All damage, defects, or deficiencies of the intermodal equipment reported to the equipment provider and discovered by, or reported to, the motor carrier or its driver which would
(A) Affect the safety of operation of the intermodal equipment, or
(B) Result in its mechanical breakdown while transported on public roads.
(v) The signature of the driver who prepared the report.
(3) Corrective action. (i) Prior to allowing or permitting a motor carrier to transport a piece of intermodal equipment for which a motor carrier or driver has submitted a report about damage, defects or deficiencies, each intermodal equipment provider or its agent must repair the reported damage, defects, or deficiencies that are likely to affect the safety of operation of the vehicle.
(ii) Each intermodal equipment provider or its agent must certify on the original driver's report which lists any damage, defects, or deficiencies of the intermodal equipment that the reported damage, defects, or deficiencies have been repaired, or that repair is unnecessary, before the vehicle is operated again.
(4) Retention period for reports. Each intermodal equipment provider must maintain all documentation required by this section, including the driver report and the certification of repairs on all intermodal equipment, for a period of three months from the date that a motor carrier or its driver submits the report to the intermodal equipment provider or its agent.
(5) Electronic reporting. The report required by this paragraph (b) may be created and maintained in electronic format, in accordance with 49 CFR 390.32.
[44 FR 38526, July 2, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 46425, July 10, 1980; 53 FR 18058, May 19, 1988; 59 FR 8753, Feb. 23, 1994; 63 FR 33279, June 18, 1998; 73 FR 76824, Dec. 17, 2008; 74 FR 68709, Dec. 29, 2009; 77 FR 34852, June 12, 2012; 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013; 79 FR 75449, Dec. 18, 2014; 83 FR 16227, Apr. 16, 2018; 85 FR 50793, Aug. 18, 2020; 91 FR 7896, Feb. 19, 2026]
联邦条文来源为 eCFR；2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重选 §396.13 和 §396.11 节选。加州 §34505.5 仍保留库内历史快照；本轮对照官方条文及 AB 3278 立法记录，不等于重新采集或替换原件。各条版本和限制见原文阅读区；版次更新不单独证明法律修订，查阅日不是生效日。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。Federal provisions are sourced from eCFR; passages from §§396.13 and 396.11 were reselected against current library editions on October 12, 2026. California §34505.5 remains a historical library snapshot. This review compared the official provision and AB 3278 legislative record; it did not recapture or replace the original. See each reader for versions and limitations. An edition update alone does not establish a legal amendment, and consultation dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
司机出车前的检查责任§ 396.13 Driver inspection.出车前确认车辆状况，并核对上一份检查报告的相关要求。Vehicle & road safety§ 396.13 Driver inspection.司机出车前的检查责任
以下以联邦 49 CFR Part 396 的常用要求和 California Vehicle Code §34505.5 为入口。车辆类型、州际或州内运营、单车承运人、非营业客运、driveaway-towaway、联运设备及州级等效检查可能改变报告或检查要求，应先确认适用范围。These entry points cover common requirements in 49 CFR Part 396 and California Vehicle Code § 34505.5. Vehicle type, interstate or intrastate operation, one-CMV carriers, private nonbusiness passenger carriage, driveaway-towaway operations, intermodal equipment, and State-equivalent inspections can change the requirements, so applicability comes first.
司机先确认车辆处于安全可运行状态The driver must first be satisfied that the vehicle is safe to operate
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 司机每次驾驶前都要先确认车辆处于安全可运行状态。若有依法要求的上一份 DVIR，就要查看并按 §396.13(c) 签字确认，核对承运人按 §396.11(a)(3)(ii) 对缺陷已修复或无需维修作出的认证。这里不是要求司机凭感觉替代检查，也不是看到旧报告就自动放行；发现制动、轮胎、灯光、转向、连接装置等问题时，应停下来按车队流程报告并判断能否运行。Before driving, the driver must be satisfied that the vehicle is in safe operating condition. When a prior DVIR is required, review it and sign as required by §396.13(c), checking the carrier’s certification under §396.11(a)(3)(ii) that listed defects were repaired or that repair was unnecessary. An old report is not an automatic release. If brakes, tires, lights, steering, coupling devices, or other safety items raise concern, stop, report through the carrier process, and determine whether operation is permitted.
- 条件与例外Conditions and exceptions
- 若报告缺陷涉及的被牵引单元已不再属于本次车辆组合，§396.13(c) 的签字要求不适用于该单元的这些缺陷；这不免除安全运行检查，也不改变承运人对影响安全的缺陷进行必要维修的义务。The signature requirement in §396.13(c) does not apply to listed defects on a towed unit no longer part of the vehicle combination. This does not remove the safe-operating-condition check or the carrier’s duty to repair defects that affect safety.
Before driving a motor vehicle, the driver shall:
(a) (a) Be satisfied that the motor vehicle is in safe operating condition;
(b) (b) Review the last driver vehicle inspection report if required by § 396.11(a)(2)(i); and
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
司机出车前的检查责任§ 396.13 Driver inspection.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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联邦条文来源为 eCFR；2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重选 §396.13 和 §396.11 节选。加州 §34505.5 仍保留库内历史快照；本轮对照官方条文及 AB 3278 立法记录，不等于重新采集或替换原件。各条版本和限制见原文阅读区；版次更新不单独证明法律修订，查阅日不是生效日。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。Federal provisions are sourced from eCFR; passages from §§396.13 and 396.11 were reselected against current library editions on October 12, 2026. California §34505.5 remains a historical library snapshot. This review compared the official provision and AB 3278 legislative record; it did not recapture or replace the original. See each reader for versions and limitations. An edition update alone does not establish a legal amendment, and consultation dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
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商用车辆定期检查§ 396.17 Periodic inspection.§ 396.17 Periodic inspection.商用车辆定期检查
以下以联邦 49 CFR Part 396 的常用要求和 California Vehicle Code §34505.5 为入口。车辆类型、州际或州内运营、单车承运人、非营业客运、driveaway-towaway、联运设备及州级等效检查可能改变报告或检查要求，应先确认适用范围。These entry points cover common requirements in 49 CFR Part 396 and California Vehicle Code § 34505.5. Vehicle type, interstate or intrastate operation, one-CMV carriers, private nonbusiness passenger carriage, driveaway-towaway operations, intermodal equipment, and State-equivalent inspections can change the requirements, so applicability comes first.
联邦年度检查看每个组合单元，也要有随车证明The federal annual inspection covers each combination unit and requires vehicle documentation
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 受 § 396.17 约束的商用车，至少要检查 Appendix A 列出的部件；组合车辆中的牵引车、半挂车、全挂车以及配有的 converter dolly 都分别属于要检查的车辆。承运人不得使用未在过去 12 个月内按本条通过检查的车辆，而且检查证明要随车。随车文件可以是 § 396.21(a) 检查报告，也可以是基于该报告的贴纸、标识或其他文件；如果使用后者，不能只写日期，还必须列出报告保管企业或其他实体的名称和地址、必要时可唯一识别车辆的信息，以及按 § 396.17 通过检查的认证。州级合格等效检查等路径要另看 § 396.23。A CMV subject to § 396.17 must be inspected for at least the components in Appendix A. In a combination, the tractor, semitrailer, full trailer, and any converter dolly are each vehicles that must be inspected. A carrier may not use a vehicle unless it passed the required inspection during the preceding 12 months and documentation is on the vehicle. The on-vehicle documentation may be the § 396.21(a) inspection report or another form based on that report, such as a sticker or decal. If another form is used, a date alone is not enough; it must also state the name and address of the business or other entity where the report is maintained, uniquely identify the vehicle when needed, and certify passage under § 396.17. State-equivalent and other paths require separate review under § 396.23.
(a) Every commercial motor vehicle must be inspected as required by this section. The inspection must include, at a minimum, the parts and accessories set forth in appendix A to this part. The term commercial motor vehicle includes each vehicle in a combination vehicle. For example, for a tractor semitrailer, full trailer combination, the tractor, semitrailer, and the full trailer (including the converter dolly if so equipped) must each be inspected.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
商用车辆定期检查§ 396.17 Periodic inspection.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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联邦条文来源为 eCFR；2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重选 §396.13 和 §396.11 节选。加州 §34505.5 仍保留库内历史快照；本轮对照官方条文及 AB 3278 立法记录，不等于重新采集或替换原件。各条版本和限制见原文阅读区；版次更新不单独证明法律修订，查阅日不是生效日。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。Federal provisions are sourced from eCFR; passages from §§396.13 and 396.11 were reselected against current library editions on October 12, 2026. California §34505.5 remains a historical library snapshot. This review compared the official provision and AB 3278 legislative record; it did not recapture or replace the original. See each reader for versions and limitations. An edition update alone does not establish a legal amendment, and consultation dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
车辆检查人员的资格§ 396.19 Inspector qualifications.§ 396.19 Inspector qualifications.车辆检查人员的资格
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆检查人员的资格§ 396.19 Inspector qualifications.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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车辆定期检查记录的保存§ 396.21 Periodic inspection recordkeeping requirements.§ 396.21 Periodic inspection recordkeeping requirements.车辆定期检查记录的保存
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆定期检查记录的保存§ 396.21 Periodic inspection recordkeeping requirements.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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可视为等效的车辆定期检查§ 396.23 Equivalent to periodic inspection.§ 396.23 Equivalent to periodic inspection.可视为等效的车辆定期检查
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
可视为等效的车辆定期检查§ 396.23 Equivalent to periodic inspection.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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制动检查人员的资格§ 396.25 Qualifications of brake inspectors.§ 396.25 Qualifications of brake inspectors.制动检查人员的资格
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
制动检查人员的资格§ 396.25 Qualifications of brake inspectors.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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车辆检查、维修与保养要求§ 396.3 Inspection, repair, and maintenance.§ 396.3 Inspection, repair, and maintenance.车辆检查、维修与保养要求
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆检查、维修与保养要求§ 396.3 Inspection, repair, and maintenance.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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不安全车辆禁止运行§ 396.7 Unsafe operations forbidden.§ 396.7 Unsafe operations forbidden.不安全车辆禁止运行
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
不安全车辆禁止运行§ 396.7 Unsafe operations forbidden.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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行驶中车辆与联运设备的执法检查§ 396.9 Inspection of motor vehicles and intermodal equipment in operation.查看执法检查、停驶处理与检查报告的相关规定。Vehicle & road safety§ 396.9 Inspection of motor vehicles and intermodal equipment in operation.行驶中车辆与联运设备的执法检查
本条暂未配中文解读，可展开官方原文核对具体范围与要求。A plain-language explanation is not available yet. Check the official text for scope and requirements.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
行驶中车辆与联运设备的执法检查§ 396.9 Inspection of motor vehicles and intermodal equipment in operation.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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雇主收到已核实检测结果后怎么处理§ 40.23 What actions do employers take after receiving verified test results?§ 40.23 What actions do employers take after receiving verified test results?雇主收到已核实检测结果后怎么处理
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
雇主收到已核实检测结果后怎么处理§ 40.23 What actions do employers take after receiving verified test results?
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雇主对拟从事安全敏感工作的员工检测记录的核查§ 40.25 Must an employer check on the drug and alcohol testing record of employees it is intending to use to perform safety-sensitive duties?§ 40.25 Must an employer check on the drug and alcohol testing record of employees it is intending to use to perform safety-sensitive duties?雇主对拟从事安全敏感工作的员工检测记录的核查
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
雇主对拟从事安全敏感工作的员工检测记录的核查§ 40.25 Must an employer check on the drug and alcohol testing record of employees it is intending to use to perform safety-sensitive duties?
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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何时需要物质滥用专业人员（SAP）评估§ 40.285 When is a SAP evaluation required?§ 40.285 When is a SAP evaluation required?何时需要物质滥用专业人员（SAP）评估
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
何时需要物质滥用专业人员（SAP）评估§ 40.285 When is a SAP evaluation required?
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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交通运输酒精与药物检测中的术语定义§ 40.3 What do the terms used in this part mean?§ 40.3 What do the terms used in this part mean?交通运输酒精与药物检测中的术语定义
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
交通运输酒精与药物检测中的术语定义§ 40.3 What do the terms used in this part mean?
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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恢复值勤流程如何完成§ 40.305 How does the return-to-duty process conclude?§ 40.305 How does the return-to-duty process conclude?恢复值勤流程如何完成
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
恢复值勤流程如何完成§ 40.305 How does the return-to-duty process conclude?
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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SAP 如何安排后续跟踪检测§ 40.307 What is the SAP's function in prescribing the employee's follow-up tests?§ 40.307 What is the SAP's function in prescribing the employee's follow-up tests?SAP 如何安排后续跟踪检测
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
SAP 如何安排后续跟踪检测§ 40.307 What is the SAP's function in prescribing the employee's follow-up tests?
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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雇主如何执行 SAP 的跟踪检测安排§ 40.309 What are the employer's responsibilities with respect to the SAP's directions for follow-up tests?§ 40.309 What are the employer's responsibilities with respect to the SAP's directions for follow-up tests?雇主如何执行 SAP 的跟踪检测安排
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
雇主如何执行 SAP 的跟踪检测安排§ 40.309 What are the employer's responsibilities with respect to the SAP's directions for follow-up tests?
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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SAP 评估报告的要求§ 40.311 What are the requirements concerning SAP reports?§ 40.311 What are the requirements concerning SAP reports?SAP 评估报告的要求
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
SAP 评估报告的要求§ 40.311 What are the requirements concerning SAP reports?
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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车辆定期检查的最低标准清单Appendix A to Part 396—Minimum Periodic Inspection StandardsAppendix A to Part 396—Minimum Periodic Inspection Standards车辆定期检查的最低标准清单
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法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车辆定期检查的最低标准清单Appendix A to Part 396—Minimum Periodic Inspection Standards
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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洛杉矶港清洁卡车计划Port of Los Angeles Clean Truck ProgramPort of Los Angeles Clean Truck Program洛杉矶港清洁卡车计划
TWIC 内容针对联邦海事安保规则下的无人陪同进入安全区域；车辆登记例子限于洛杉矶港项目说明；费用内容是 FMC 对受其监管主体的集装箱滞期、滞箱做法的解释规则。不能直接推广到所有仓库、港口或公路等待费。TWIC concerns unescorted access to secure areas under federal maritime-security rules. The truck-registration example is Los Angeles-specific program guidance. The FMC content interprets container demurrage and detention practices by regulated entities, not every warehouse, port or highway waiting charge.
人在系统里，不代表车辆也已登记A registered driver does not mean the truck is registered
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 洛杉矶港项目说明要求进入海运码头的卡车列入 PDTR。车队应分别核对承运人的港口准入资格、这辆车的登记和准确资料，再确认具体码头本次作业的条件。这里引用的是港口项目说明，不是全国统一法规；长滩港或其他港口应查各自要求，不能凭一次进港成功认定以后都没问题。Los Angeles program guidance requires trucks entering marine terminals to be in PDTR. Check the carrier’s port-access standing and the truck’s accurate registration separately, then confirm the terminal’s requirements for this move. This is port program guidance, not a nationwide regulation. Check Long Beach and other ports individually; one successful gate visit does not establish continuing access.
As part of the Clean Truck Program, all trucks entering marine terminals must be on the Ports Drayage Truck Registry (PDTR). It is important for Licensed Motor Carriers (LMC) to confirm their Concession status and maintain accurate truck data in the PDTR. To obtain access to the PDTR, you will be registered in the PDTR upon completion of your concession agreement processing. As of October 1, 2018, new PDTR registrations of trucks entering new service at the Port of Los Angeles must be model year 2014 or newer.
港口官方项目说明，无独立法规条号。本例不引用已到期的旧版 concession 申请期限。Official port program guidance, without a separate legal subsection. This example does not reuse expired concession application dates.
官方说明 · 英文OFFICIAL GUIDANCE · ENGLISH
洛杉矶港清洁卡车计划Port of Los Angeles Clean Truck Program
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
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TWIC 和 FMC 原文使用知识库固定留存的官方版次，PDTR 为洛杉矶港官方项目说明。2026-10-12 按库内当前版次重新选择三项来源的节选；PDTR 项目说明不是成文法规，也不能代替 CARB 车辆排放要求或码头当日操作规则。版本、采集时间及限制见各来源；查阅或采集日期不是生效日期。中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方中文译文。TWIC and FMC text uses pinned official-source editions in the library; PDTR is official Port of Los Angeles program guidance. Passages from all three sources were reselected against current library editions on October 12, 2026. PDTR guidance is not codified law and does not replace CARB vehicle-emissions requirements or current terminal procedures. See each source for versions, capture dates and limitations; consultation or capture dates are not effective dates. Chinese text is a CTAC explanation, not an official translation.
中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方译文，也不构成个案法律意见。请先核对适用范围、来源版本与最新官方通知。CTAC plain-language explanations are not official translations or case-specific legal advice. Check scope, source editions and current official notices.