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(a) (a) General. Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, each bulk packaging, freight container, unit load device, transport vehicle or rail car containing any quantity of a hazardous material must be placarded on each side and each end with the type of placards specified in tables 1 and 2 of this section and in accordance with other placarding requirements of this subpart, including the specifications for the placards named in the tables and described in detail in §§ 172.519 through 172.560.

(b) (b) DANGEROUS placard. A freight container, unit load device, transport vehicle, or rail car which contains non-bulk packages with two or more categories of hazardous materials that require different placards specified in table 2 of paragraph (e) of this section may be placarded with a DANGEROUS placard instead of the separate placarding specified for each of the materials in table 2 of paragraph (e) of this section. However, when 1,000 kg (2,205 pounds) aggregate gross weight or more of one category of material is loaded therein at one loading facility on a freight container, unit load device, transport vehicle, or rail car, the placard specified in table 2 of paragraph (e) of this section for that category must be applied.

(c) (c) Exception for less than 454 kg (1,001 pounds). Except for bulk packagings and hazardous materials subject to § 172.505, when hazardous materials covered by table 2 of this section are transported by highway or rail, placards are not required on—

(c)(1) (1) A transport vehicle or freight container which contains less than 454 kg (1001 pounds) aggregate gross weight of hazardous materials covered by table 2 of paragraph (e) of this section; or

(c)(2) (2) A rail car loaded with transport vehicles or freight containers, none of which is required to be placarded.

The exceptions provided in paragraph (c) of this section do not prohibit the display of placards in the manner prescribed in this subpart, if not otherwise prohibited (see § 172.502), on transport vehicles or freight containers which are not required to be placarded.

(d) Exceptions for empty packages. (1) Non-bulk. Except for hazardous materials subject to § 172.505, a non-bulk packaging that contains only the residue of a hazardous material covered by Table 2 of paragraph (e) of this section need not be included in determining placarding requirements.

(2) IBCs. Transport vehicles or freight containers used to transport empty IBCs in accordance with § 173.29(d) of this subchapter are not subject to placarding requirements of this part.

(e) (e) Placarding tables. Placards are specified for hazardous materials in accordance with the following tables:

Table 1 to Paragraph (e) Category of material (Hazard class or division number and additional description, as appropriate) Placard name Placard design section reference (§ ) 1.1 EXPLOSIVES 1.1 172.522 1.2 EXPLOSIVES 1.2 172.522 1.3 EXPLOSIVES 1.3 172.522 2.3 POISON GAS 172.540 4.3 DANGEROUS WHEN WET 172.548 5.2 (Organic peroxide, Type B, liquid or solid, temperature controlled) ORGANIC PEROXIDE 172.552 6.1 (material poisonous by inhalation (see § 171.8 of this subchapter)) POISON INHALATION HAZARD 172.555 7 (Radioactive Yellow III label only) RADIOACTIVE 1 172.556 1 RADIOACTIVE placards are also required for: All shipments of unpackaged LSA-I material or SCO-I; all shipments required by §§ 173.427, 173.441, and 173.457 of this subchapter to be operated under exclusive use; and all closed vehicles used in accordance with § 173.443(d).

Table 2 to Paragraph (e) Category of material (hazard class or division number and additional description, as appropriate) Placard name Placard design section reference (§ ) 1.4 EXPLOSIVES 1.4 172.523 1.5 EXPLOSIVES 1.5 172.524 1.6 EXPLOSIVES 1.6 172.525 2.1 FLAMMABLE GAS 172.532 2.2 NON-FLAMMABLE GAS 172.528 3 FLAMMABLE 172.542 Combustible liquid COMBUSTIBLE 172.544 4.1 FLAMMABLE SOLID 172.546 4.2 SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE 172.547 5.1 OXIDIZER 172.550 5.2 (Other than organic peroxide, Type B, liquid or solid, temperature controlled) ORGANIC PEROXIDE 172.552 6.1 (other than material poisonous by inhalation) POISON 172.554 6.2 NONE 8 CORROSIVE 172.558 9 CLASS 9 (see § 172.504(f)(9)) 172.560

使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.

(a) (a) Scope. Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, this subpart prescribes requirements for providing and maintaining emergency response information during transportation and at facilities where hazardous materials are loaded for transportation, stored incidental to transportation or otherwise handled during any phase of transportation.

(b) (b) Applicability. This subpart applies to persons who offer for transportation, accept for transportation, transfer or otherwise handle hazardous materials during transportation.

(c) (c) General requirements. No person to whom this subpart applies may offer for transportation, accept for transportation, transfer, store or otherwise handle during transportation a hazardous material unless:

(c)(1) (1) Emergency response information conforming to this subpart is immediately available for use at all times the hazardous material is present; and

(c)(2) (2) Emergency response information, including the emergency response telephone number, required by this subpart is immediately available to any person who, as a representative of a Federal, State or local government agency, responds to an incident involving a hazardous material, or is conducting an investigation which involves a hazardous material.

(d) Exceptions. The requirements of this subpart do not apply to hazardous material which is excepted from the shipping paper requirements of this subchapter.

使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.

(a) (a) Hazmat employee training must include the following:

(a)(1) (1) General awareness/familiarization training. Each hazmat employee shall be provided general awareness/familiarization training designed to provide familiarity with the requirements of this subchapter, and to enable the employee to recognize and identify hazardous materials consistent with the hazard communication standards of this subchapter.

(a)(2) (2) Function-specific training. (i) Each hazmat employee must be provided function-specific training concerning requirements of this subchapter, or exemptions or special permits issued under subchapter A of this chapter, that are specifically applicable to the functions the employee performs.

(a)(3) (3) Safety training. Each hazmat employee shall receive safety training concerning—

(a)(3)(i) (i) Emergency response information required by subpart G of part 172;

(a)(3)(ii) (ii) Measures to protect the employee from the hazards associated with hazardous materials to which they may be exposed in the work place, including specific measures the hazmat employer has implemented to protect employees from exposure; and

(a)(3)(iii) (iii) Methods and procedures for avoiding accidents, such as the proper procedures for handling packages containing hazardous materials.

(a)(4) (4) Security awareness training. Each hazmat employee must receive training that provides an awareness of security risks associated with hazardous materials transportation and methods designed to enhance transportation security. This training must also include a component covering how to recognize and respond to possible security threats. New hazmat employees must receive the security awareness training required by this paragraph within 90 days after employment.

(a)(5) (5) In-depth security training. Each hazmat employee of a person required to have a security plan in accordance with subpart I of this part who handles hazardous materials covered by the plan, performs a regulated function related to the hazardous materials covered by the plan, or is responsible for implementing the plan must be trained concerning the security plan and its implementation. Security training must include company security objectives, organizational security structure, specific security procedures, specific security duties and responsibilities for each employee, and specific actions to be taken by each employee in the event of a security breach.

(c) (c) Initial and recurrent training—(1) Initial training. A new hazmat employee, or a hazmat employee who changes job functions may perform those functions prior to the completion of training provided—

(i) The employee performs those functions under the direct supervision of a properly trained and knowledgeable hazmat employee; and

(ii) The training is completed within 90 days after employment or a change in job function.

(2) Recurrent training. A hazmat employee must receive the training required by this subpart at least once every three years. For in-depth security training required under paragraph (a)(5) of this section, a hazmat employee must be trained at least once every three years or, if the security plan for which training is required is revised during the three-year recurrent training cycle, within 90 days of implementation of the revised plan.

(3) Relevant Training. Relevant training received from a previous employer or other source may be used to satisfy the requirements of this subpart provided a current record of training is obtained from hazmat employees' previous employer.

(4) Compliance. Each hazmat employer is responsible for compliance with the requirements of this subchapter regardless of whether the training required by this subpart has been completed.

(d) Recordkeeping. Each hazmat employer must create and retain a record of current training of each hazmat employee, inclusive of the preceding three years, in accordance with this section for as long as that employee is employed by that employer as a hazmat employee and for 90 days thereafter. A hazmat employer must make a hazmat employee's record of current training available upon request, at a reasonable time and location, to an authorized official of the Department of Transportation or of an entity explicitly granted authority to enforce the HMR. The record must include:

使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.

(a) (a) General requirements. A person may not accept a hazardous material for transportation or transport a hazardous material by highway unless that person has received a shipping paper prepared in accordance with part 172 of this subchapter or the material is excepted from shipping paper requirements under this subchapter. A subsequent carrier may not transport a hazardous material unless it is accompanied by a shipping paper prepared in accordance with part 172 of this subchapter, except for § 172.204, which is not required.

(b) (b) Shipper certification. An initial carrier may not accept a hazardous material offered for transportation unless the shipping paper describing the material includes a shipper's certification which meets the requirements in § 172.204 of this subchapter. Except for a hazardous waste, the certification is not required for shipments to be transported entirely by private carriage and for bulk shipments to be transported in a cargo tank supplied by the carrier.

(d) (d) Applicability. This section does not apply to a material that is excepted from shipping paper requirements as specified in § 172.200 of this subchapter.

(e) (e) Shipping paper accessibility—accident or inspection. A driver of a motor vehicle containing hazardous material, and each carrier using such a vehicle, shall ensure that the shipping paper required by this section is readily available to, and recognizable by, authorities in the event of accident or inspection. Specifically, the driver and the carrier shall:

(e)(1) (1) Clearly distinguish the shipping paper, if it is carried with other shipping papers or other papers of any kind, by either distinctively tabbing it or by having it appear first; and

(e)(2) (2) Store the shipping paper as follows:

(e)(2)(i) (i) When the driver is at the vehicle's controls, the shipping paper shall be: (A) Within his immediate reach while he is restrained by the lap belt; and (B) either readily visible to a person entering the driver's compartment or in a holder which is mounted to the inside of the door on the driver's side of the vehicle.

(e)(2)(ii) (ii) When the driver is not at the vehicle's controls, the shipping paper shall be: (A) In a holder which is mounted to the inside of the door on the driver's side of the vehicle; or (B) on the driver's seat in the vehicle.

使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.