法规速查Regulation Navigator
先看懂要求，再查清依据。Understand the rule. Find its source.
部分资料含历史版本或来源限制。收录日期不代表现行性已复核；请先核对每项官方来源、版本和适用范围。Some records contain historical versions or source limitations. Capture dates do not establish a review of current requirements; check each official source, edition and scope before use.
法规索引Regulation index
按中文名称了解每条管什么，再展开查看解读与官方原文。Browse by subject, then expand an entry for available explanations and official text.
司机求职申请应提供的信息§ 391.21 Application for employment.§ 391.21 Application for employment.司机求职申请应提供的信息
适用于联邦 Part 391 覆盖的承运人与驾驶员资格档案，须同时核对 Subpart G 等适用例外。本文聚焦资格档案；药物、酒精检测记录与 Clearinghouse 另按对应主题管理。For carrier driver-qualification files covered by federal Part 391, subject to Subpart G and other applicable exceptions. This topic covers qualification files; drug-testing records and Clearinghouse duties are addressed separately.
安排驾驶前，取得完整签署的申请Obtain a completed, signed driver application
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 除适用例外外，安排驾驶前须取得驾驶员填写并签署的就业申请，内容应包括本条要求的信息。普通简历可能缺少这些必填内容。Unless an exception applies, obtain the driver’s completed and signed employment application with the information required by this section before using the driver. A general résumé may omit required fields.
(a) (a) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, a person shall not drive a commercial motor vehicle unless he/she has completed and furnished the motor carrier that employs him/her with an application for employment that meets the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section.
(b) (b) The application for employment shall be made on a form furnished by the motor carrier. Each application form must be completed by the applicant, must be signed by him/her, and must contain the following information:
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
司机求职申请应提供的信息§ 391.21 Application for employment.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
展开英文原文Read the English original收起英文原文Hide the English original
正在加载本条英文原文…Loading this English original…
依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
雇主对司机背景和记录的核查§ 391.23 Investigation and inquiries.§ 391.23 Investigation and inquiries.雇主对司机背景和记录的核查
适用于联邦 Part 391 覆盖的承运人与驾驶员资格档案，须同时核对 Subpart G 等适用例外。本文聚焦资格档案；药物、酒精检测记录与 Clearinghouse 另按对应主题管理。For carrier driver-qualification files covered by federal Part 391, subject to Subpart G and other applicable exceptions. This topic covers qualification files; drug-testing records and Clearinghouse duties are addressed separately.
入职后 30 天内完成规定的调查与归档Complete the required hiring inquiries within 30 days
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 承运人须调查此前三年的州驾驶记录，以及规定的前雇主安全表现。驾驶记录须按要求在入职后 30 天内放入资格档案（DQ file）；前雇主回复或善意联系尝试，则应在规定期限内存入调查历史档案（driver investigation history file）。两类材料应按各自要求归档，并保障驾驶员查看和更正调查信息的权利。The carrier must investigate the preceding three years of state driving records and the required prior-employer safety performance. Put the required driving records in the qualification file within 30 days of employment, and keep prior-employer responses or good-faith inquiry attempts in the driver investigation history file within the required period. Do not treat these as one ordinary personnel file; preserve the driver’s review and correction rights.
(a)(1) (1) An inquiry, within 30 days of the date the driver's employment begins, to each driver's licensing authority where the driver held or holds a motor vehicle operator's license or permit during the preceding 3 years, to obtain that driver's motor vehicle record covering that driver's prior 3-year driving history.
(a)(2) (2) An investigation of the driver's safety performance history with Department of Transportation regulated employers during the preceding three years.
(b) (b) A copy of the motor vehicle record(s) obtained in response to the inquiry or inquiries to each driver's licensing authority required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section must be placed in the driver qualification file within 30 days of the date the driver's employment begins and be retained in compliance with § 391.51. If no motor vehicle record is received from a driver's licensing authority required to submit this response, the motor carrier must document a good faith effort to obtain such information. The inquiry to a driver's licensing authority must be made in the form and manner each authority prescribes.
(c)(1) (c)(1) Replies to the investigations of the driver's safety performance history required by paragraph (a)(2) of this section, or documentation of good faith efforts to obtain the investigation data, must be placed in the driver investigation history file, after October 29, 2004, within 30 days of the date the driver's employment begins. Any period of time required to exercise the driver's due process rights to review the information received, request a previous employer to correct or include a rebuttal, is separate and apart from this 30-day requirement to document investigation of the driver safety performance history data.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
雇主对司机背景和记录的核查§ 391.23 Investigation and inquiries.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
展开英文原文Read the English original收起英文原文Hide the English original
正在加载本条英文原文…Loading this English original…
依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
每年查询与复核司机驾驶记录§ 391.25 Annual inquiry and review of driving record.§ 391.25 Annual inquiry and review of driving record.每年查询与复核司机驾驶记录
适用于联邦 Part 391 覆盖的承运人与驾驶员资格档案，须同时核对 Subpart G 等适用例外。本文聚焦资格档案；药物、酒精检测记录与 Clearinghouse 另按对应主题管理。For carrier driver-qualification files covered by federal Part 391, subject to Subpart G and other applicable exceptions. This topic covers qualification files; drug-testing records and Clearinghouse duties are addressed separately.
至少每 12 个月查询记录并复核安全资格Obtain records and review qualification at least every 12 months
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 除适用例外外，承运人至少每 12 个月须向有关州查询驾驶记录，审查司机是否仍符合安全驾驶和资格要求。档案中应保存查询记录，并注明复核人员和日期；下载 MVR 后，还须完成实际复核。Subject to applicable exceptions, obtain the relevant state driving records and review continued safe-driving qualifications at least every 12 months. Keep the record and the reviewer/date notation; downloading an MVR alone does not complete the review.
(a) (a) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, each motor carrier shall, at least once every 12 months, make an inquiry to obtain the motor vehicle record of each driver it employs, covering at least the preceding 12 months, to each driver's licensing authority where the driver held a commercial motor vehicle operator's license or permit during the time period.
(b) (b) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, each motor carrier shall, at least once every 12 months, review the motor vehicle record of each driver it employs to determine whether that driver meets minimum requirements for safe driving or is disqualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle pursuant to § 391.15.
(c)(1) (c)(1) A copy of the motor vehicle record required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be maintained in the driver's qualification file.
(c)(2) (2) A note, including the name of the person who performed the review of the driving record required by paragraph (b) of this section and the date of such review, shall be maintained in the driver's qualification file.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
每年查询与复核司机驾驶记录§ 391.25 Annual inquiry and review of driving record.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
展开英文原文Read the English original收起英文原文Hide the English original
正在加载本条英文原文…Loading this English original…
依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
车队应保存的司机资格档案§ 391.51 General requirements for driver qualification files.§ 391.51 General requirements for driver qualification files.车队应保存的司机资格档案
适用于联邦 Part 391 体检资格规则覆盖的商业驾驶员，相关例外须按相应分部查阅。个人疾病或用药是否影响驾驶资格，应由符合要求的体检人员结合适用标准评估；加州州内运输还可能有联邦要求以外的条件。For commercial drivers covered by the federal Part 391 medical qualification rules, subject to applicable exceptions. This guide does not decide individual fitness or medication safety, or treat the federal rules as the complete requirements for every California intrastate operation.
从州驾驶记录确认 CDL 医疗资格状态Check the medical status recorded in the CDL driving record
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 对 CDL 持有人，承运人应从当前发证州取得含医疗资格状态的 CDLIS 驾驶记录，并按 §391.51(b)(6)(ii) 存入资格档案。全国性的临时纸质证书替代安排已于 2026 年 10 月 11 日结束；阿拉斯加州签发的 CDL／CLP 另有临时豁免，条件见下文。记录提交或同步异常时，应联系体检人员、州驾照机构和承运人查明。For CDL holders, obtain the CDLIS motor vehicle record containing medical certification status from the current licensing state and retain it under §391.51(b)(6)(ii). The nationwide temporary paper-MEC exemption ended October 11, 2026. A separate provisional exemption applies to Alaska-issued CDLs and CLPs under the conditions below. Resolve submission or synchronization issues with the examiner, licensing agency and carrier.
(ii) For CDL holders, beginning January 30, 2012, if the CDLIS motor vehicle record contains medical certification status information, the motor carrier employer must meet this requirement by obtaining the CDLIS motor vehicle record defined at § 384.105 of this chapter. That record must be obtained from the current licensing State and placed in the driver qualification file. After January 30, 2015, a non-excepted, interstate CDL holder without medical certification status information on the CDLIS motor vehicle record is designated “not-certified” to operate a CMV in interstate commerce. After January 30, 2015, and through June 22, 2025, a motor carrier may use a copy of the driver's current medical examiner's certificate that was submitted to the State for up to 15 days from the date it was issued as proof of medical certification.
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
适用于联邦 Part 391 覆盖的承运人与驾驶员资格档案，须同时核对 Subpart G 等适用例外。本文聚焦资格档案；药物、酒精检测记录与 Clearinghouse 另按对应主题管理。For carrier driver-qualification files covered by federal Part 391, subject to Subpart G and other applicable exceptions. This topic covers qualification files; drug-testing records and Clearinghouse duties are addressed separately.
资格档案一般须留至离职后三年Retain the file beyond the last day of employment
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 一般驾驶员资格档案须在任职期间及离职后三年内保存。某些定期更新材料可在形成三年后移除，具体见 §391.51(d)；这只适用于指定材料，不适用于整份档案。Generally retain the qualification file throughout employment and for three years afterward. Certain periodically renewed items may be removed three years after execution under §391.51(d); that does not authorize deleting the entire file after three years.
(a) (a) Each motor carrier shall maintain a driver qualification file for each driver it employs. A driver's qualification file may be combined with his/her personnel file.
(c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, each driver's qualification file shall be retained for as long as a driver is employed by that motor carrier and for three years thereafter.
(d) The following records may be removed from a driver's qualification file three years after the date of execution:
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
车队应保存的司机资格档案§ 391.51 General requirements for driver qualification files.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
展开英文原文Read the English original收起英文原文Hide the English original
正在加载本条英文原文…Loading this English original…
依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.
依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方译文，也不构成个案法律意见。请先核对适用范围、来源版本与最新官方通知。CTAC plain-language explanations are not official translations or case-specific legal advice. Check scope, source editions and current official notices.