法规速查Regulation Navigator
先看懂要求，再查清依据。Understand the rule. Find its source.
部分资料含历史版本或来源限制。收录日期不代表现行性已复核；请先核对每项官方来源、版本和适用范围。Some records contain historical versions or source limitations. Capture dates do not establish a review of current requirements; check each official source, edition and scope before use.
法规索引Regulation index
按中文名称了解每条管什么，再展开查看解读与官方原文。Browse by subject, then expand an entry for available explanations and official text.
司机入职前检测§ 382.301 Pre-employment testing.§ 382.301 Pre-employment testing.司机入职前检测
事故后的酒精与药物检测§ 382.303 Post-accident testing.§ 382.303 Post-accident testing.事故后的酒精与药物检测
酒精与药物记录查询（Clearinghouse）§ 382.701 Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.§ 382.701 Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.酒精与药物记录查询（Clearinghouse）
查询 Clearinghouse 前的司机授权§ 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.§ 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.查询 Clearinghouse 前的司机授权
适用于 Part 382 覆盖、需要 CDL 的商业驾驶工作。是否豁免，不能仅凭业务在州内还是跨州判断。本文概述办理要求，不判定个人检测结果或回岗资格。For CDL-required commercial driving covered by Part 382; intrastate versus interstate operation alone does not establish an exemption. This is a process overview, not a decision on an individual test result or return-to-duty eligibility.
查询前取得相应的司机同意Obtain the consent required for the query
- 具体要求What the rule requires
- 查询前须取得本条要求的司机同意；全量查询有 Clearinghouse 内的具体电子同意要求。司机拒绝提供必要同意时，雇主不能让其执行安全敏感工作。Obtain the driver consent required by this section before querying. Full queries require the specific electronic consent in the Clearinghouse. If the driver refuses necessary consent, the employer may not permit safety-sensitive work.
(a) (a) No employer may query the Clearinghouse to determine whether a record exists for any particular driver without first obtaining that driver's written or electronic consent. The employer conducting the search must retain the consent for 3 years from the date of the last query.
(b) (b) Before the employer may access information contained in the driver's Clearinghouse record, the driver must submit electronic consent through the Clearinghouse granting the employer access to the following specific records:
(c) (c) No employer may permit a driver to perform a safety-sensitive function if the driver refuses to grant the consent required by paragraph (a) or (b) of this section.
(d) (d) A driver granting consent under this section must provide consent electronically to the Agency through the Clearinghouse prior to release of information to an employer in accordance with § 382.701(a)(2) or (b)(3).
使用固定来源版次；适用日期与例外以原文及历史沿革为准。Uses a fixed source edition; check the original and statutory history for operative dates and exceptions.
法规原文 · 英文REGULATION TEXT · ENGLISH
查询 Clearinghouse 前的司机授权§ 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.
官方来源快照；不代表已核对现行汇编及后续修订。请核对来源版本。Official-source snapshot; current consolidated law and subsequent amendments have not been verified.
展开英文原文Read the English original收起英文原文Hide the English original
49 CFR 382.703 · § 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.
§ 382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the Clearinghouse.
(a)No employer may query the Clearinghouse to determine whether a record exists for any particular driver without first obtaining that driver's written or electronic consent. The employer conducting the search must retain the consent for 3 years from the date of the last query.
(b)Before the employer may access information contained in the driver's Clearinghouse record, the driver must submit electronic consent through the Clearinghouse granting the employer access to the following specific records:
(b)(1)A verified positive, adulterated, or substituted controlled substances test result;
(b)(2)An alcohol confirmation test with a concentration of 0.04 or higher;
(b)(3)A refusal to submit to a test in violation of § 382.211;
(b)(4)An employer's report of actual knowledge, as defined at § 382.107, of:
(b)(4)(i)On duty alcohol use pursuant to § 382.205;
(b)(4)(ii)Pre-duty alcohol use pursuant to § 382.207;
(b)(4)(iii)Alcohol use following an accident pursuant to § 382.209; and
(b)(4)(iv)Controlled substance use pursuant to § 382.213;
(b)(5)A SAP report of the successful completion of the return-to-duty process;
(b)(6)A negative return-to-duty test; and
(b)(7)An employer's report of completion of follow-up testing.
(c)No employer may permit a driver to perform a safety-sensitive function if the driver refuses to grant the consent required by paragraph (a) or (b) of this section.
(d)A driver granting consent under this section must provide consent electronically to the Agency through the Clearinghouse prior to release of information to an employer in accordance with § 382.701(a)(2) or (b)(3).
(e)A driver granting consent under this section grants consent for the Agency to release information to an employer in accordance with § 382.701(c).
[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016, as amended at 86 FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021]
依据关联的官方原文及官方项目说明起草。中文和英文解读均为 CTAC AI 辅助工作稿，未经人工审核；教学案例不是实际会员记录。采集日期不是法规生效日期。Drafted from linked official texts and agency guidance. Both language interpretations are CTAC AI-assisted drafts pending human review; examples are illustrative, not member records. Capture dates are not legal effective dates.
相关实务指南Related practical guides
中文为 CTAC 白话说明，不是官方译文，也不构成个案法律意见。请先核对适用范围、来源版本与最新官方通知。CTAC plain-language explanations are not official translations or case-specific legal advice. Check scope, source editions and current official notices.